Uptake and toxicity of glyphosate in the lichen Xanthoria parietina (L.) Th. Fr.

Application of commercial biocides to lichens: Does a physiological recovery occur over time?

“…Fr. (L.), which is routinely in use in our laboratory and has been already successfully used as a test-organism to evaluate the accumulation and toxicity of heavy metals (e.g., Paoli et al, 2014), herbicides (Vannini et al, 2015; and other contaminants (e.g., Vannini et al, 2017).…”

“…80%) + isopropyl alcohol (2%) in water; Lanxess, Köln, Germany]. Lichen samples were soaked for 1 h either in Biotin T or Preventol solutions or water alone as control, roughly maintaining the ratio 10:1 between sample mass (mg) and relative volume of the solution (cm 3 ) as suggested by Vannini et al (2015Vannini et al ( , 2016. After soaking, two batches dedicated to the evaluation of short-term physiological effects were transferred to the climatic chamber at 16°C and 40 μmol m -2 s -1 photons PAR (photoperiod of 12 hours) with RH=85% and then used for analysis after 24 and 72 hours.…”

Teloschistes flavicans (sw.) Norman como indicador de poluição atmosférica em Paranaguá – PR

“…Porém, os resultados da ANOVA demonstram diferença não significativa entre as categorias de locais no perío-do de transplante (p=0,137); já entre as categorias analisadas no último período (p≤0,001), verificou-se uma diferença altamente significativa, com a região portuá-ria e as vias de acesso apresentando níveis de degradação superiores aos da região residencial (Figura 2). Käffer et al (2012) Vannini et al (2015), em que a exposição do líquen Xanthoria parietina ao pesticida glifosato desencadeou processos de degradação da clorofila, além de redução da taxa fotossintética e acumulação do composto.…”

Advances in the Determination of Alkylsilyl Derivatization of Glyphosate and Aminomethylphosphonic acid by Gas Chromatography-Mass Spectrometry

“…In the research papers related to GLYP and AMPA analysis, GC and LC are preferred. The instruments are mainly coupled with MS [27,28,30,31,[34][35]38,[40][41][42][43][44][45][46][47][48][51][52][53][56][57][58][59][60][61][62][63][64][66][67][68][69][70][71][72][73][74][75][76]78,79,81,84,86,87,[89][90][91][92][93]…”