Upper crustal shortening and forward modeling of the Himalayan thrust belt along the Budhi-Gandaki River, central Nepal

A review on out-of-sequence deformation in the Himalaya

“…Not all river sections in the LH and GHC contain out-of-sequence thrusting, e.g. in the Budhi -Gandaki section (Khanal & Robinson 2013).…”

Muscovite 40 Ar/ 39 Ar ages help reveal the Neogene tectonic evolution of the southern Annapurna Range, central Nepal

“…In and near the Annapurna Range, many major thrust faults repeat Lesser Himalayan rocks (Paudel & Arita 2000;Pearson & DeCelles 2005;Khanal & Robinson 2013). In Nepal, the Lesser Himalayan succession is divided into two parts: the Nawakot Unit and the stratigraphically overlying Tansen Unit (Upreti 1996(Upreti , 1999.…”

“…The MCT is a several kilometrethick, top-to-the-south ductile shear zone that placed Greater Himalayan on Lesser Himalayan rocks; in the Annapurna Range this motion occurred between c. 22 and 15 Ma Martin et al 2005;Corrie & Kohn 2011). The MCT accommodated at least 120 km of offset (Robinson 2008;Khanal & Robinson 2013). In this paper we use the location of the MCT given by Martin et al (2005), which is the position of maximum strain in the shear zone for most transects (also see discussion in Martin et al (2010)).…”

Structural model of the Balkassar area, Potwar Plateau, Pakistan

“…1 and 2) since about 55 Ma (Gansser 1979(Gansser , 1980Molnar and Tapponnier 1981;Valdiya 1984Valdiya , 1997Baker et al 1988;Burbank and Raynolds 1988;Molnar 1990;Davis and Lillie 1994;Kazmi and Jan 1997;Mohadjer et al 2010;Hasany and Saleem 2012;Jain 2014). Extensive work is conducted on this orogeny in India, Nepal and nearby areas (e.g., Le Fort 1975;Hodges et al 1992;Carosi et al 1998;Upreti 1999;Hodges 2000;DeCelles et al 2002;Lee et al 2004;Yin 2006;Carosi et al 2007;Wang et al 2012 Robinson andPearson 2013;Khanal and Robinson 2013;Mandal et al 2014;Khanal et al 2014). Further in Pakistan, the orogeny has remained the subject of many studies (e.g., Davis and Engelder 1985;Baig and Lawrence 1987;Butler et al 1987;Baker et al 1988;Jaumé and Lillie 1988;Greland et al 2002).…”