Upper-Cretaceous Siberian and Canadian Amber Caddisflies (Insecta: Trichoptera)

Abstract

From Upper-Cretaceous amber discovered in Canada (Alberta) and in Siberia (Taymyr), 10 species of Trichoptera are recognized. One of them belongs to the recent genus Rhyacophila, one probably to the recent genus Holocentropus; the following new genera are described: Palaeohydrobiosis (Hydrobiosidae), Electralberta (type of the new family Electralbertidae), Archaeopolycentra (Polycentropodidae), Taymyrelectron (type of the new family Taymyrelectronidae), Praeathripsodes (Leptoceridae), Calamodontus (Calamoceratidae or Odontoceridae). One specimen is a philopotamid, and one an incertae sedis member of the Hydropsychoidea. These records represent a considerable enrichment of our knowledge of the Cretaceous caddisfly fauna, practically unknown until now. Phylogenetical, biogeographical and other conclusions are drawn from the study of these fossils and of their Recent and Eocene-Oligocene relatives.

Global diversity of caddisflies (Trichoptera: Insecta) in freshwater

“…In summarising the foregoing discussions the following biogeographical patterns are proposed: The discovery of Eocene Baltic Amber fossil records of Helicophidae and psyllobetine Hydrobiosidae-groups presently restricted to Australia and New Zealand (Australian Region) and Chile (Neotropical Region)-suggests a very different alternative hypothesis. Possibly these presentlyrestricted, temperate Gondwana taxa (Southern Hemisphere) had a much wider distribution, previously extending into the Northern Hemisphere, and became extinct in most of their former range (Botosaneanu & Wichard, 1983). The Northern Hemisphere continents in the last 3 million years (Pleistocene) have been exposed to glaciation events which have largely left the southern hemisphere continents unscathed.…”

Catalog of the Neotropical Trichoptera (Caddisflies)

“…Argentina (Angrisano and Sganga 2007, Angrisano 1995c, Brand 2009, Flint, 1982c, Isa Miranda and Rueda Martín 2014, Mangeaud 1996, Manzo et al, 2014, Muzón et al, 2005); Brazil (Almeida and Marinoni 2000, Barcelos-Silva et al 2012, Blahnik et al 2004, Calor 2011, Costa et al 2014, Dumas and Nessimian 2012, Dumas et al, 2009, Dumas et al, 2010, Flint 1992d, Marinoni and Almeida 2000, Moretto and Bispo 2015, Nogueira and Cabette 2011, Oliveira and Froehlich 1997, Paprocki and França 2014, Paprocki et al 2004, Quinteiro et al 2014, Speis and Forehlich 2009, Souza et al, 2013a); Caribbean Islands (Botosaneanu 2002); Chile (Flint 1974e, Rojas 2006, Schmid 1952); Colombia (Flint 1991, Medellín et al, 2004, Muñoz-Quesada 2000, Rincón-Hernández 1999); Costa Rica (Holzenthal 1988c, Muñoz-Quesada 1999, Springer 2010); Cuba (Botosaneanu 1977, 1979, 1980, Flint 1996c, González Lazo et al 2005, Kumanski 1987, López del Castillo et al, 2004, 2007, Naranjo López and González Lazo 2005); Curaçao (Flint 1992a); Dominican Republic (Botosaneanu 1995, 1996, Flint and Sykora 2004, Wichard 1987, 2007a, b); Grenada (Flint and Sykora 1993); Guadaloupe (Botosaneanu 1994a, 2000); Haiti (Botosaneanu 1991a); Hispaniola (Flint and Pérez-Gelabert 1999, Pérez-Gelabert 2008); Jamaica (Botosaneanu and Hyslop 1998, 1999, Botosaneanu and Thomas 2004, Flint 1968a, Malicky 1999); Lesser Antilles (Flint 1968b, Malicky 1983); Martinique (Botosaneanu and Thomas 2005, Botosaneanu 1988, 1989a); Mexico (Banks 1901, Bueno-Soria and B...…”

“…—Johanson, 1998:132 [phylogeny]. —Botosaneanu and Hyslop, 1998:23 [♂; larva; case]. —Botosaneanu, 2002:100 [ckecklist].…”

“…—Botosaneanu and Sakal, 1992 [for 1993]:203 [ nomen nudum (name included in checklist); distribution; ecology]. —Flint, 1996a:84 [distribution].…”

“…—Botosaneanu and Sakal, 1992:201 [distribution; ecology; as limpia ]. —Botosaneanu and Alkins-Koo, 1993:10 [larva; as limpia ].…”