Upper Cretaceous Benthic Foraminifers and Paleoenvironments, Southern Kerguelen Plateau, Indian Ocean

Quilty, Patrick G.

doi:10.2973/odp.proc.sr.120.173.1992

Cited by 9 publications

(15 citation statements)

References 19 publications

(65 reference statements)

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“…This bottom water is carried west and northward along bottom topography east of Australia. It flows westward along the New Guinea margin into the eastern Indian Ocean and is turned southward around Ninetyeast Ridge, Broken Ridge, and Kerguelen Plateau, which had paleodepths as shallow as 500–1500 m in the early Paleogene [ Driscoll et al , 1989; Peirce et al , 1989; Quilty , 1992]. Some deep water circulates northward into the deep western Indian Ocean.…”

Section: Ocean Model Experimentsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Could changing ocean circulation have destabilized methane hydrate at the Paleocene/Eocene boundary?

2002

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[1] During the Paleocene-Eocene Thermal Maximum (PETM, $55 Ma), marine and terrestrial carbon isotope values exhibit a negative shift of at least 2.5%, indicative of massive destabilization of marine methane hydrates, releasing $2000 gigatons of methane carbon. The cause of the hydrate destabilization is unknown but has been speculated to be warming due to a change from high-latitude to low-latitude deepwater formation. Here we present results from a numerical ocean model indicating that a sudden switch of deepwater formation from southern to northern high latitudes caused middepth and deepocean warming of 3°-5°C. The switch is caused by a slow increase in the intensity of the atmospheric hydrologic cycle, as expected under increasing temperatures and consistent with PETM sedimentary evidence. Deepened subtropical subduction prior to the thermohaline circulation switch causes warming of 1°-4°C in limited areas at thermocline through upper intermediate depths, which could destabilize methane hydrates gradually and at progressively greater depths. Warming accompanying a south-to-north switch in deepwater formation would produce sufficient warming to destabilize seafloor gas hydrates over most of the world ocean to a water depth of at least 1900 m.

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Section: Ocean Model Experimentsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Could changing ocean circulation have destabilized methane hydrate at the Paleocene/Eocene boundary?

2002

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“…Eltanin Core E54-7 Kaharoeddin et al (1973) and Quilty (1973) documented Cenomanian and Turonian calcareous nannofossils and foraminifers from this core. It is significant, as one of the few Cenomanian-Turonian deep-sea sections containing well-preserved calcareous microfossils.…”

Section: Dredge Samplementioning

confidence: 82%

“…F2). This boundary may equate to the contentious boundary at ODP Site 747 (Aubry and Berggren, 1989;Quilty, 1992c). It appears to be an unconformity, but its duration is unclear.…”

Section: Odp Sectionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Paleoenvironmental Significance of Late Cretaceous Foraminifers from ODP Site 1138 Samples, a Dredge and Eltanin Core E54-7, Kerguelen Plateau, Indian Ocean

Quilty

2002

Proceedings of the Ocean Drilling Program

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Late Campanian and Maastrichtian benthic foraminifers are recorded from 12 samples from Ocean Drilling Program (ODP) Leg 183, Cores 183-1138A-52R through 63R (487.3-602.4 meters below seafloor), Kerguelen Plateau, Indian Ocean, and Danian benthics from one sample in the same section. The entire late Maastrichtian foraminifer fauna is noted from a dredge sample 220 km to the north. The structure of the fauna is compared with the Cenomanian-Turonian of the nearby Eltanin core E54-7. Faunas are reviewed in terms of planktonic percentage, composition, epifaunal/infaunal ratios, and dominance/diversity indices. The region was in the cool Austral Faunal Province through the Campanian-Maastrichtian and was probably warmer in the Cenomanian-Turonian. The ODP section is now 1600 meters below sea level and has subsided several hundred meters since deposition. Its fauna is dominated by epifaunal species suggesting little influence of upwelling. The dredge location has subsided little. Its fauna has a high infaunal content consistent with significant influence of upwelling near the plateau edge. The dominant benthic species remain constant through the ODP Cretaceous section, but subdominance changes, and the section is divided into three informal zones based on dominance/subdominance characteristics of the benthic fauna.

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“…Estimated paleodepths for the Maastrichtian intervals are 1,000 to 1,500 m for Hole 689B (Thomas, 1990), 1,500 to 2,000 m for Hole 690C (Thomas, 1990), approximately 1,000 m for Hole 747A (Quilty, 1992), and 650 to 850 m for Hole 750A (Quilty, 1992). Barrera and Huber (1991) estimated a 1,000-m paleodepth for Hole 738C at K/T boundary time.…”

Section: Southern Ocean Deep-sea Coresmentioning

confidence: 99%

The biostratigraphy and paleobiogeography of Maastrichtian inoceramids

MacLeod

Huber²,

Ward

1996

The Cretaceous-Tertiary Event and Other Catastrophes in Earth History

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During the mid-Maastrichtian there was a pulse of extinction that affected inoceramids living in all of the world's oceans. We have documented this event at localities from tropical to austral paleolatitudes and from shelfal to abyssal paleodepths. Locally, the decline in inoceramid abundance occurred over a resolvable interval of geologic time, and globally, the extinction occurred at different times in different areas. This event is distinct from the Cretaceous/Tertiary boundary event; however, it is an important part of the transition from the Cretaceous Period to the Tertiary Period. Cooling and enhanced production of deep waters at high latitudes during the Maastrichtian could have caused increased ventilation of the bottom waters in the regions in which many inoceramids were living. As a causal mechanism for the extinction, this change is consistent with constraints provided by the observed distribution of inoceramid remains.

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Upper Cretaceous Benthic Foraminifers and Paleoenvironments, Southern Kerguelen Plateau, Indian Ocean

Cited by 9 publications

References 19 publications

Could changing ocean circulation have destabilized methane hydrate at the Paleocene/Eocene boundary?

Could changing ocean circulation have destabilized methane hydrate at the Paleocene/Eocene boundary?

Paleoenvironmental Significance of Late Cretaceous Foraminifers from ODP Site 1138 Samples, a Dredge and Eltanin Core E54-7, Kerguelen Plateau, Indian Ocean

The biostratigraphy and paleobiogeography of Maastrichtian inoceramids

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