Upgrading of liquid fuel from the pyrolysis of biomass

Zhang, Suping; Yan, Yunfei; Li, Tingchen

doi:10.1016/j.biortech.2004.06.015

Cited by 268 publications

(126 citation statements)

References 9 publications

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“…BIOSS and BIOSC were not fluid enough to measure the viscosity at lower temperatures, but after a mild heating to 60˚C, it flowed, therefore, to use these bio-oils as fuels, a moderate preheating would be necessary to pump the viscous oil into the engines. The viscosity for BIOSS was 0.5 Pa·s and for BIOSC was 0.4 Pa·s, within the range reported for similar bio-oils (0.1 -1.0 Pa·s) [11,[17][18][19]. The viscosity of bio-oils varies in a large range, depending on the biomass precursor, on the pyrolytic processes and on the bio-oils properties such as water and solid particles contents, being also very dependent of the bio-oil recovery process.…”

Section: Resultssupporting

confidence: 78%

“…Besides the use of biomass as a second generation fuel feedstock, it can also be considered as a primary source of renewable energy, which can progressively enhance the CO 2 mitigation. Pyrolysis has been the most employed thermochemical conversion for transformation of biomass residues into charcoal and bio-oil, by one side due to the easy implementation of the technology nearby the farm crops and by other side due to the easy transportation of a denser product to further treatment in the refineries [9][10][11].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Physicochemical Properties of Pyrolysis Bio-Oil from Sugarcane Straw and Sugarcane in Natura

Durange¹,

Santos²,

Pereira³

et al. 2013

JBNB

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Under the renewable energy context, sugarcane biomass pyrolysis has been growing as a convenient route to produce bio-oil, which can be set into the chemical industry and refineries as building blocks or combustion fuel. In this work sugarcane straw was submitted to direct pyrolysis in a fluidized bed pilot plant at 500˚C, in presence of air. Sugarcane in natura was also pyrolysed as a model for comparison, in order to determine the viability of processing different sources of raw biomass. The physicochemical characterization of the biomass precursors as well as of the bio-oils was also carried out, which points both biomass feedstocks as suitable for bio-oil production in terms of viscosity, surface tension, density and acidity. The bio-oil obtained from sugarcane in natura presented higher carbon and hydrogen content as well as lower oxygen content. On the other hand, the metal content is higher in the bio-oil obtained from sugarcane straw, in special the iron and potassium contents were 807 ppm and 123 ppm against 27 ppm and 1 ppm in the bio-oil from sugarcane in natura. Aliphatic and aromatic compounds as well as carbohydrates scaffolds were identified as the main components of the bio-oil. GC-MS analyses showed aromatic products from lignine fragmentation and free sugars and sugar derivatives.

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Section: Resultssupporting

confidence: 78%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Physicochemical Properties of Pyrolysis Bio-Oil from Sugarcane Straw and Sugarcane in Natura

Durange¹,

Santos²,

Pereira³

et al. 2013

JBNB

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

show abstract

“…Upgrading crude bio-oil through either catalytic cracking or hydroprocessing has been extensively studied [14][15][16][17][18][19][20][21][22][23][24][25][26][27], however, the upgrading process is complicated due to the complexity of the biooil, resulting in low yields and high processing costs. Pre-treating biomass prior to pyrolysis has the potential to improve the quality of crude pyrolysis bio-oil and thus, increase the efficiency of upgrading via catalytic cracking and hydroprocessing processes through reduced reactor clogging and catalyst deactivation.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

The use of demineralisation and torrefaction to improve the properties of biomass intended as a feedstock for fast pyrolysis

Wigley

Yip

Pang

2015

Journal of Analytical and Applied Pyrolysis

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Pre-treatments of biomass were investigated to reduce its undesirable properties which may affect the quality of fast pyrolysis bio-oil. A pre-treatment sequence was developed in this study to incorporate both biomass demineralisation and torrefaction. Demineralisation was performed by dilute acid leaching, primarily to reduce the inorganic concentration in raw biomass, whereas torrefaction targeted a reduction of the carboxyl, moisture and oxygen content. The liquid produced during torrefaction was recycled back as the leaching reagent for demineralisation. This solution contained dilute organic acids; therefore, the viability of leaching with organic acids (acetic and formic acid) compared to commonly used mineral acids (sulphuric, nitric and hydrochloric acid) was validated. Synthetic leaching solutions reduced the inorganic content in raw biomass from 0.41 wt% to 0.14 wt% when leached with 1% formic acid and to 0.16 wt% when leached with 1% acetic acid, which was comparable to leaching with the mineral acids. Recycled torrefaction liquid that contained other acidic compounds in small quantities reduced the inorganic content to 0.14 wt%, suggesting it is effective to use the recycled torrefaction liquid as the leaching solution. From the experimental results, the optimal conditions for biomass torrefaction were 260 °C for 20 min to minimise the char formation during pyrolysis, based on the increase in the acid-insoluble fraction of the biomass. However, the torrefaction temperature may be increased to 280 °C if further reductions in acetyl and oxygen content are required. Higher temperatures are associated with severe biomass loss and the initiation of hydrogen loss. It should be noted that even at 280 °C, the oxygen reduction is minimal. If oxygen reduction is the principal target when pre-treating biomass, it is suggested that torrefaction alone is not a suitable method to obtain bio-oil with a low oxygen content due to the low pyrolysis yields obtainable. This study demonstrated that the combined use of demineralisation and torrefaction as biomass pre-treatments has the ability to decrease the inorganic, acetyl and moisture content of biomass, which reduces undesirable catalytic reactions during fast pyrolysis to improve the quality of bio-oil produced.

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“…The watersoluble organic compounds were mainly acetic and formic acid, and they contained low molecularweight oxygenated organic compounds such as aldehydes, ketones, alcohols, phenols and others (Wei, 2006;Mohan, 2006). All the water-soluble organic compounds could be recovered as useful chemicals (Zhang, 2005). presents the results of pyrolysis of paulownia wood and shows how the pyrolytic aqueous chase fraction increases with temperature.…”

Section: Introduction 1 Uvodmentioning

confidence: 96%