Updating of normal levels of copper, zinc and selenium in serum of pregnant women

Álvarez, Silvia Izquierdo; Castañón, Sandra García; Ruata, Maria Luisa Calvo; Aragüés, Elena Fuertes; Terraz, Pilar Bocos; González‐Irazabal, Yolanda; García-González, Elena; Rodríguez, Beatriz García

doi:10.1016/j.jtemb.2007.09.023

Cited by 115 publications

(61 citation statements)

References 11 publications

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“…Despite the lack of a recommended borderline value, the whole group of patients seems to have low selenium levels [36]. Even though there is an increased requirement for selenium during pregnancy, decreased selenium levels during this physiological stage have previously been reported [37]. Similar to previous animal studies, our study also showed that the placental D3 expression level was not affected by the maternal serum selenium level [16,17,38].…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 82%

Na+/I− Symporter and Type 3 Iodothyronine Deiodinase Gene Expression in Amniotic Membrane and Placenta and Its Relationship to Maternal Thyroid Hormones

Aktürk

Oruç

Danışman

et al. 2013

Biol Trace Elem Res

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Placental type 3 iodothyronine deiodinase (D3) potentially protects the fetus from the elevated maternal thyroid hormones. Na− symporter (NIS) is a plasma membrane glycoprotein, which mediates active iodide uptake. Our objectives were to establish the distribution of NIS and D3 gene expressions in the placenta and the amniotic membrane and to investigate the relationship between placental D3 and NIS gene expressions and maternal iodine, selenium, and thyroid hormone status. Thyroid hormones, urinary iodine concentration (UIC), and selenium levels were measured in 49 healthy term pregnant women. NIS and D3 gene expressions were studied with the total mRNA RT-PCR method in tissues from maternal placenta (n=49), fetal placenta (n=9), and amniotic membrane (n=9). NIS and D3 gene expressions were shown in the fetal and maternal sides of the placenta and amniotic membrane. Mean blood selenium level was 66±26.5 μg/l, and median UIC was 143 μg/l. We could not demonstrate any statistically significant relationship of spot UIC and blood selenium with NIS and D3 expression (p>0.05). Positive correlations were found between NIS and thyroxine-binding globulin (TBG) (r=0.3, p=0.042) and between D3 and preoperative glucose levels (r=0.4, p=0.006). D3 and NIS genes are expressed in term placenta and amniotic membrane; thus, in addition to placenta, amniotic membrane contributes to regulation of maternofetal iodine and thyroid hormone transmission. Further studies are needed to clarify the relationship between maternal glucose levels and placental D3 expression and between TBG and placental NIS expression.

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Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 82%

Na+/I− Symporter and Type 3 Iodothyronine Deiodinase Gene Expression in Amniotic Membrane and Placenta and Its Relationship to Maternal Thyroid Hormones

Aktürk

Oruç

Danışman

et al. 2013

Biol Trace Elem Res

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“…There have been reports of variations Table 1 in copper levels during pregnancy. While some studies reported increasing levels as pregnancy progressed, [43][44][45] others reported high prevalence of copper deficiency. [46,47] However, these studies did not take parity into consideration while making such assumptions.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Parity-related changes in body weight may influence the zinc and copper status of urban pregnant women: A report from south eastern Nigeria

Nwagha

Iyare

Ogbodo³

et al. 2013

J Basic Clin Reprod Sci

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A B S T R A C TBackground: Micronutrient replacement is done indiscriminately, without recourse to peculiar socioeconomic and sociodemographic variables. Particularly, the relationship between parity, body weight, and some micronutrients has received minimal attention in Nigeria. Aim: To determine the relationship between parity, body weight, and some micronutrients during pregnancy. Subjects and Methods: This is a cross-sectional study involving 130 pregnant women and 30 nonpregnant control. They were recruited from two health care facilities in Nigeria and grouped into nulliparous and multiparous. After a 24-h dietary recall, the weight (W) and height (H) were measured. The body mass index (BMI) (W in kg/H in m 2 ) was calculated. Serum copper and zinc were estimated using flame atomic absorption spectrophotometer. Results: Multiparous nonpregnant subjects parity=3.0 (0.58) had higher weight (P=0.037) and BMI (P=0.035) than their nulliparous counterparts (parity=0). In addition, there were no significant difference in Cu and zinc levels between the two groups (P=0.243 and 0.402, respectively). Expectedly, weight and BMI increased as pregnancy progressed. There was no significant difference in Cu levels between the three trimesters in the nulliparous pregnant and multiparous pregnant subjects. In the pregnant nulliparous subjects, the Zn levels of the 2 nd and 3 rd trimesters were significantly lower than that of the nonpregnant nulliparous subjects (P<0.001 and 0.039, respectively). However, in multiparous pregnant subjects, only the 3 rd trimester Zn level was significantly lower than that of the nonpregnant controls (P=0.017). Conclusion: Pregnancy weight gain is more pronounced in multiparous than nulliparous women. This parity-related pattern only affects the serum zinc levels, a situation that should be taken into consideration when formulating policies for nutritional replacement.

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“…Both methods have previously been used to assess the impact of heavy metals on human health and disease [16][17][18].…”

Section: Abstract Ivf Heavy Metals Endocrine Disruptorsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Endocrine disruptor & nutritional effects of heavy metals in ovarian hyperstimulation

Dickerson¹,

Sathyapalan

Knight

et al. 2011

J Assist Reprod Genet

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Purpose There is increasing concern that environmental chemicals have a direct effect on fertility. Heavy metals such as mercury have been shown to affect various organ systems in humans including nervous system and skin, however they could also act as endocrine disrupting chemicals adversely affecting fertility. Metals such as zinc and selenium are essential micronutrients with diverse functions that may be important for reproductive outcomes. We measured mercury, zinc and selenium levels in the hair, a reliable reflection of long term environmental exposure and dietary status, to correlate with the outcome of ovarian hyperstimulation for in vitro fertilisation (IVF) treatment. Methods We analysed the hair of 30 subfertile women for mercury, zinc and selenium using inductively coupled mass spectrometry. Each woman underwent one cycle of IVF treatment. Correlation between the levels of these trace metals and treatment outcomes was investigated.Results Thirty women were recruited with mean (±SD) age of 32.7(4.4) years and BMI of 25.4(5.0)kg/m 2 . Hair mercury concentration showed a negative correlation with oocyte yield (p<0.05,βcoefficient 0.38) and follicle number (p=0.03,β coefficient0.19) after ovarian stimulation. Zinc and selenium levels in hair correlated positively with oocyte yield after ovarian stimulation (p<0.05,β coefficient0.15) and (p=0.03,β coefficient0.21) respectively. Selenium levels in hair correlated significantly with follicle number following stimulation (p=0.04, βcoefficient0.22). There was no correlation between mercury, zinc and selenium in hair and their corresponding serum levels. Conclusion These data suggest that mercury had a deleterious effect whilst there was a positive effect for zinc and selenium in the ovarian response to gonadotrophin therapy for IVF. Hair analysis offers a novel method of investigating the impact of long-term exposure to endocrine disruptors and nutritional status on reproductive outcomes. Keywords IVF . Heavy metals . Endocrine disruptorsSubfertility affects approximately 1 in 6 couples in the developed world [1], a prevalence that is likely to increase as more women delay childbirth to a later age [2]; approximately 28% of couples investigated for subfertility have a diagnosis of 'unexplained subfertility' [3]. Current treatment largely consists of assisted reproductive techniques (ART) such as IVF or IVF-ICSI, often regardless of the underlying cause. The average success rate of 25-30% for ART in Europe remains unchanged over recent years [4], prompting the search for additional factors which may influence fertility treatments and optimise success, and the identification of adverse factors such as endocrine disrupting chemicals.Capsule Mercury concentration in hair had a deleterious effect where as zinc and selenium had a beneficial effect in ovarian response to gonadotrophin therapy for IVF.

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Updating of normal levels of copper, zinc and selenium in serum of pregnant women

Cited by 115 publications

References 11 publications

Na+/I− Symporter and Type 3 Iodothyronine Deiodinase Gene Expression in Amniotic Membrane and Placenta and Its Relationship to Maternal Thyroid Hormones

Na+/I− Symporter and Type 3 Iodothyronine Deiodinase Gene Expression in Amniotic Membrane and Placenta and Its Relationship to Maternal Thyroid Hormones

Parity-related changes in body weight may influence the zinc and copper status of urban pregnant women: A report from south eastern Nigeria

Endocrine disruptor & nutritional effects of heavy metals in ovarian hyperstimulation

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