Updates on esophageal and gastric cancers

Abstract

Esophageal and gastric cancers are both common and deadly. Patients present most often after disease progression and survival is therefore poor. Due to demographic variability and recent changes in disease incidence, much emphasis has been placed on studying risk factors for both esophageal and gastric cancers. However, with increasing understanding of these diseases, low survival rates persist and continued intensive studies are necessary to optimize treatment plans. This review article discusses updates in the evolving epidemiology, clinical presentation, risk factors, and diagnostic and treatment modalities of esophageal and gastric cancers.

Adjuvant S-1 chemotherapy after curative resection of gastric cancer in Chinese patients: assessment of treatment tolerability and associated risk factors

“…The use of adjuvant chemotherapy has been shown to improve patient outcome. [2][3][4][5] After curative resection, common adjuvant chemotherapy regimens that have been recently adopted in many parts of Asia include oral administration of S-1 (tegafur, gimeracil, and oteracil potassium) based on the Adjuvant Chemotherapy Trial of S-1 for Gastric Cancer (ACTS-GC) study conducted in Japan, 4 as well as oxaliplatin-capecitabine combination chemotherapy based on the Capecitabine and Oxaliplatin Adjuvant Study in Stomach Cancer study. 5 These studies have shown that adjuvant S-1 for 1 year or oxaliplatincapecitabine combination chemotherapy for 6 months following curative gastrectomy with D2 lymph node dissection increases both overall survival (OS) and relapse-free survival in pathological stage II or III gastric cancer.…”

Glutathione-S-Transferase and GST-π in Gastric Carcinoma

“…Oral cavity gastrointestinal tract carcinoma occurs most often in India. The malignancy etiology is a result of combination of the genetic, environmental and behavioral factors [24] . Smoking & alcohol ingestion are proven etiologic factor in the development of esophagus carcinoma and cigarette smoking has also been linked with gastric carcinoma [25] .…”

Tissue engineered esophagus by copper—small intestinal submucosa graft for esophageal repair in a canine model

“…Replacement of esophagus for the treatment of congenital and acquired diseases has remained a great challenge [21][22][23][24][25]. During the last decade, several organic and synthetic biomaterials have been tried to replace part or full circumference of the esophagus.…”