Updates on Coronavirus Disease 19 Vaccine and Its Clinical Application

Ahn, Sang Hyun; Lee, Seung Hwa

doi:10.21215/kjfp.2021.11.4.236

Cited by 6 publications

(6 citation statements)

References 29 publications

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“…In Israel, the analysis of approximately 4,710,000 persons who received 2 doses of the Pfizer vaccine showed a 97.2% (95% CI, 96.8%–97.5%) effectiveness in the prevention of hospital admission and a 96.7% (95% CI, 96.0%–97.3%) effectiveness in the prevention of death [ 5 ]. In a previous US study, the prevention effectiveness of 2 doses of the Pfizer or Moderna vaccines was 90% in healthcare professionals, and the prevention of hospital admission in persons aged ≥65 years was 94% (95% CI, 49%–99%) [ 6 ]. In the UK, the COVID-19 prevention effectiveness of 2 doses of the Pfizer vaccine among healthcare professionals was 85% (95% CI, 74%–96%) [ 7 ].…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Effectiveness of the COVID-19 vaccine in the Honam region of the Republic of Korea

Shin¹,

Lee²,

Lee³

et al. 2023

PHRP

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Objectives: In 2021, the effectiveness of the COVID-19 vaccine was analyzed among people living in the Honam region (Gwangju, Jeollanam-do, Jeollabuk-do, and Jeju) of the Republic of Korea. And we investigated changes in the dominant virus strain.Methods: This study used the data provided by the Korean Ministry of the Interior and Safety for individuals ≥12 years old in the Honam region, and the Integrated Disease and Health Management System of the Korea Centers for Disease Control and Prevention for COVID-19-vaccinated individuals as of December 31, 2021. Statistical analyzes were performed using IBM SPSS ver. 23.0. The occurrence of confirmed cases by vaccination status, the relative risk, and vaccine effectiveness by vaccine type were calculated.Results: In 2021, the COVID-19 vaccination rate in Honam was 88.6%. The overall vaccine effectiveness (after 2 and 3 doses) was 98.7% (p<0.001). and the breakthrough infection rate was 0.16%. From week 21 to week 27 of 2021 (June 27 to July 3), the genome sequencing results were mostly alpha variants. The Delta variant emerged as the dominant variant after 27 weeks and the Omicron variant was found at 50 weeks (December 5–11).Conclusion: Vaccine effectiveness changed with the outbreak of new variants of the virus as well as over time as antibody levels decreased. that the prevention effectiveness of vaccination in Honam was >98%, and the effect among persons who received 2 doses was >90% regardless of the vaccine type. Although vaccine effectiveness decreased because of reduced antibody levels over time (as observed in breakthrough infections), receiving a booster dose restored the neutralizing antibody levels.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Effectiveness of the COVID-19 vaccine in the Honam region of the Republic of Korea

Shin¹,

Lee²,

Lee³

et al. 2023

PHRP

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

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“…In particular, breakthrough infection was derived from topic 4 of LAD topic modeling and cluster 2 of CONCOR analysis, where the breakthrough infection was defined as a confirmed COVID-19 case after 14 days from the day of completing vaccination ( 31 ). These results are thought to be because the currently prevalent Omicron variant spreads quickly due to its high contagious power and the immunity gained from vaccination or previous COVID-19 infection is less effective due to its immune evasion ability.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Predicting the sentiment of South Korean Twitter users toward vaccination after the emergence of COVID-19 Omicron variant using deep learning-based natural language processing

Eom

Yun²,

Byeon³

2022

Front. Med.

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Although the full vaccination rate of South Korea compared to other countries, concerns about the effectiveness of the vaccine are growing as new COVID variants such as Alpha, Beta, Gamma, Delta, and Omicron appear over time. In this study, we collected Twitter data in South Korea that contained keywords like vaccines after the outbreak of the Omicron variant from 27 November 2021 to 14 February 2022. First, we analyzed the relationship between potential keywords associated with vaccination after the appearance of the Omicron variant in Twitter using network analysis. Second, we developed an efficient model for predicting the emotion of speech regarding vaccination after the COVID-19 Omicron variant pandemic by using deep learning algorithms. We constructed sentiment analysis models regarding vaccination after the COVID-19 Omicron pandemic by using five algorithms [i.e., support vector machine (SVM), recurrent neural networks (RNNs), long short-term memory models (LSTMs), bidirectional encoder representations from transformers (BERT), and Korean BERT (KoBERT)]. The results confirmed that KoBERT showed the best performance (71%) in all predictive performance indicators (accuracy, precision, and F1 score). It is necessary to prepare measures to alleviate the negative factorss of the public about vaccination in the long-term pandemic situation and help the public recognize the efficacy and safety of vaccination by using big data based on the results of this study.

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“…Individuals in this group do not develop secondary infections. The vaccine’s efficacy against the mutant is slightly inferior than that against the original virus [ 35 – 38 ]. …”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…6. The vaccine's efficacy against the mutant is slightly inferior than that against the original virus [35][36][37][38].…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

A model of COVID-19 pandemic with vaccines and mutant viruses

Kim

Choi²,

Min³

2022

PLoS ONE

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This paper proposes a compartment model (SVEIHRM model) based on a system of ordinary differential equations to simulate the pandemic of severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2).Emergence of mutant viruses gave rise to multiple peaks in the number of confirmed cases. Vaccine developers and WHO suggest individuals to receive multiple vaccinations (the primary and the secondary vaccinations and booster shots) to mitigate transmission of COVID-19. Taking this into account, we include compartments for multiple vaccinations and mutant viruses of COVID-19 in the model. In particular, our model considers breakthrough infection according to the antibody formation rate following multiple vaccinations. We obtain the effective reproduction numbers of the original virus, the Delta, and the Omicron variants by fitting this model to data in Korea. Additionally, we provide various simulations adjusting the daily vaccination rate and the timing of vaccination to investigate the effects of these two vaccine-related measures on the number of infected individuals. We also show that starting vaccinations early is the key to reduce the number of infected individuals. Delaying the start date requires increasing substantially the rate of vaccination to achieve similar target results. In the sensitivity analysis on the vaccination rate of Korean data, it is shown that a 10% increase (decrease) in vaccination rates can reduce (increase) the number of confirmed cases by 35.22% (82.82%), respectively.

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Updates on Coronavirus Disease 19 Vaccine and Its Clinical Application

Cited by 6 publications

References 29 publications

Effectiveness of the COVID-19 vaccine in the Honam region of the Republic of Korea

Effectiveness of the COVID-19 vaccine in the Honam region of the Republic of Korea

Predicting the sentiment of South Korean Twitter users toward vaccination after the emergence of COVID-19 Omicron variant using deep learning-based natural language processing

A model of COVID-19 pandemic with vaccines and mutant viruses

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