Objectives: In 2021, the effectiveness of the COVID-19 vaccine was analyzed among people living in the Honam region (Gwangju, Jeollanam-do, Jeollabuk-do, and Jeju) of the Republic of Korea. And we investigated changes in the dominant virus strain.Methods: This study used the data provided by the Korean Ministry of the Interior and Safety for individuals ≥12 years old in the Honam region, and the Integrated Disease and Health Management System of the Korea Centers for Disease Control and Prevention for COVID-19-vaccinated individuals as of December 31, 2021. Statistical analyzes were performed using IBM SPSS ver. 23.0. The occurrence of confirmed cases by vaccination status, the relative risk, and vaccine effectiveness by vaccine type were calculated.Results: In 2021, the COVID-19 vaccination rate in Honam was 88.6%. The overall vaccine effectiveness (after 2 and 3 doses) was 98.7% (p<0.001). and the breakthrough infection rate was 0.16%. From week 21 to week 27 of 2021 (June 27 to July 3), the genome sequencing results were mostly alpha variants. The Delta variant emerged as the dominant variant after 27 weeks and the Omicron variant was found at 50 weeks (December 5–11).Conclusion: Vaccine effectiveness changed with the outbreak of new variants of the virus as well as over time as antibody levels decreased. that the prevention effectiveness of vaccination in Honam was >98%, and the effect among persons who received 2 doses was >90% regardless of the vaccine type. Although vaccine effectiveness decreased because of reduced antibody levels over time (as observed in breakthrough infections), receiving a booster dose restored the neutralizing antibody levels.
The purpose of this study is to explore the entrepreneurial experiences of people with mental disabilities, and to seek ways to establish an entrepreneurial ecosystem that promotes entrepreneurship among them. This study utilized a qualitative research method, collected data through in-depth interviews with 8 people, including 4 people with mental disabilities and 4 applicants, who had entrepreneurship experience, recorded them, and then analyzed them. The analysis revealed three themes: firstly, the pressure and struggle of being pushed towards entrepreneurship; secondly, the entrepreneurial spirit that is displayed in overcoming the difficulties of sustaining a business; and thirdly, the significance of the personal experience and expression that comes from being an entrepreneur. Based on the analysis results and literature review on entrepreneurship experiences of people with mental disabilities and applicants, this study suggested the following directions for establishing a startup ecosystem model for people with mental disabilities. First, education on management and technology, entrepreneurship, and establishment of cooperatives, and support for strengthening mental health competency are needed to form entrepreneurial behavioral competency for entrepreneurship. Second, in order to build a social network, it is necessary to foster a intermediate base organizations, establish a network with various support organizations, and establish a network of entrepreneurs. Third, it is necessary to discover successful entrepreneurship cases and develop entrepreneurship education programs using those who have entrepreneurship experience in order to promote entrepreneurship culture. Fourth, in order to establish a physical foundation for entrepreneurship, it is necessary to improve laws and regulations for supporting undocumented mentally disabled people, alleviate requirements for recognition of companies with disabilities in social cooperatives, prepare the basis for support for specialized workplaces for mentally disabled people, and designate start-up specialized areas.
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