Update on current views and advances on RSV infection (Review)

Mammas, Ioannis N.; Drysdale, Simon B.; Rath, Barbara; Theodoridou, Maria; Papaioannou, Georgia; Papatheodoropoulou, Alexia; Koutsounaki, Eirini; Koutsaftiki, Chryssie; Kozanidou, Eleftheria; Achtsidis, Vassilis; Korovessi, Paraskevi; Chrousos, George P.; Spandidos, Demetrios A.

doi:10.3892/ijmm.2020.4641

Cited by 38 publications

(41 citation statements)

References 118 publications

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“…have emphasised the need for a deeper analysis of patient data for newly evolved drugs or agents against RSV thus leading to personalised treatment regimens. [ 33 ] This requires a combined diagnostic, clinical and research efforts which is time of need for advancing paediatric care so as to improve clinical outcomes and limit global RSV morbidity and mortality. [ 33 ]…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Clinico demographic profiling of the Respiratory syncytial virus (RSV) infected children admitted in tertiary care hospital in North India

Singh

Angurana

Bora

et al. 2021

Journal of Family Medicine and Primary Care

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Background: Acute bronchiolitis is fatal disease involving lower respiratory tract of infants and children of paediatric age group. Respiratory Syncytial Virus (RSV) is responsible for causing more than 70% hospital admissions of children aged less than 2 years thus making a necessity for accurate and timely diagnosis. Aims: The main aim of study was clinicodemographic correlation of RSV positive children presenting to our tertiary care hospital. Setting and Design: It is a retrospective study done between December to January 2018. Materials and Methods: Detection of RSV antigen from nasophyrangeal aspirates using Mouse Monoclonal anti RSV Antibody (by Novatetra) and Goat Anti Mouse Antibody conjugated with FITC as secondary antibody. Results: A total of 147 samples were received in the laboratory and 20 were tested as positive for RSV Antigen. Totally, 19/20 children were aged less than 1 year and with a male predominance. The most common symptom was cough and respiratory distress. Eight percent of the children showed wheezing and 18/20 required assisted ventilation. The clinical course in one child deteriorated leading to death of that patient. Conclusions: The timely diagnosis and management of RSV infected children is utmost needed to prevent morbidity and mortality. The premorbid conditions can assist to differentiate the viral from bacterial pneumonia and thus enable speedy recovery of the child.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…[ 33 ] This requires a combined diagnostic, clinical and research efforts which is time of need for advancing paediatric care so as to improve clinical outcomes and limit global RSV morbidity and mortality. [ 33 ]…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Clinico demographic profiling of the Respiratory syncytial virus (RSV) infected children admitted in tertiary care hospital in North India

Singh

Angurana

Bora

et al. 2021

Journal of Family Medicine and Primary Care

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“…So far, viral tropism has been characterized by the identification of RSV infected cells in lung biopsies from RSV infected patients [ 10 , 11 ] and from established models of airways epithelium [ 12 ], such as recently developed three-dimensional (3D) cultures [ 13 , 14 ]. RSV has been shown to actively replicate in the lung ciliated epithelial cells, type I and type II alveolar pneumocytes, and can be detected in alveolar macrophages [ 15 , 16 ]. In addition, recent evidence demonstrated the capacity of RSV to replicate in neurons both in vitro in N2a neuronal cells [ 17 , 18 ] and in vivo in the olfactory neurons of the olfactory mucosa [ 19 ].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

New Look at RSV Infection: Tissue Clearing and 3D Imaging of the Entire Mouse Lung at Cellular Resolution

Frétaud

Descamps

Laubreton

et al. 2021

Viruses

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Background: Respiratory Syncytial Virus (RSV) is the major cause of severe acute respiratory tract illness in young children worldwide and a main pathogen for the elderly and immune-compromised people. In the absence of vaccines or effective treatments, a better characterization of the pathogenesis of RSV infection is required. To date, the pathophysiology of the disease and its diagnosis has mostly relied on chest X-ray and genome detection in nasopharyngeal swabs. The development of new imaging approaches is instrumental to further the description of RSV spread, virus–host interactions and related acute respiratory disease, at the level of the entire lung. Methods: By combining tissue clearing, 3D microscopy and image processing, we developed a novel visualization tool of RSV infection in undissected mouse lungs. Results: Whole tissue analysis allowed the identification of infected cell subtypes, based on both morphological traits and position within the cellular network. Furthermore, 3D imaging was also valuable to detect the cytoplasmic viral factories, also called inclusion bodies, a hallmark of RSV infection. Conclusions: Whole lung clearing and 3D deep imaging represents an unprecedented visualization method of infected lungs to allow insight into RSV pathophysiology and improve the 2D histology analyses.

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“…In the modern era of precision medicine, accurate and consistent terms, which describe precisely their meaning, are easily learnt and necessary ( 22 ). Their etymology can be highly informative.…”

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confidence: 99%

[Comment] Viruses, vaccinations and RSV: Exploring terminology in paediatric virology

et al. 2020

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Accurate and consistent medical terminology is an essential tool in medical education (1). It enables medical students to understand the meaning of each term, medical physicians to communicate with each other and our science to adopt a logical language of high-level understanding and scientific regularity (2). The linking together of the laboratory, research and clinical practice by medical terminology permits medical physicians to understand and follow the scientific developments in their clinical practice (3). However, in medicine, including paediatric virology, there are several etymologically illogical terms, which cause confusion and misunderstanding (4). The majority of these cases are due to historical bias, which can be explained or justified by historians of medicine, but are interpreted with difficulty by medical students and junior medical staff. The adoption of these terms leads to the continuation of the historical bias, confusion among clinicians and potential misunderstanding.The term virus is an example. It derives from the Latin word virus meaning toxin or poison (5). It was in 1892, almost 128 years ago, when the biologist, Dimitri Ivanokvski in St. Petersburg, Russia, demonstrated that infectious extracts of tobacco plants with tobacco mosaic disease remained infectious following filtration, suggesting that tobacco mosaic disease might be caused by a toxin produced by bacteria (6). Six years later, in 1898, the Dutch scientist, Martinus Beijerinck, reported similar experiments with bacteria-free filtered extracts and introduced the term virus for the filterable and submicroscopic sized causative agent of the tobacco mosaic disease (7). Although he described this agent as a contagium vivum fluidum, his term was based on the hypothesis by Ivanovski that this agent was not a microorganism itself, but a toxin. The Greek term for virus, ios, derives from the ancient Greek verb iimi, meaning 'to move, to cause movement, to put something into something else, to throw the arrow, the poison, the toxin'. Although the choice of this term was based on the poison's translation into ancient Greek, some of the actions of this ancient Greek verb describe, in a unique manner, some of the characteristics of viruses. In the Greek term Iology, ios has been connected with logos, coming from the Greek verb lego, meaning 'to talk about'. Both terms, Virology and Iology, describe the study of viruses.The term vaccination is another example. The word vaccination derives from the Latin word vacca meaning 'the cow' (5). This term was created in order to describe the method of inoculation of pustular material obtained from lesions in cows affected by cowpox, which was developed in 1796 by Dr Edward Jenner, an English country doctor, who later became known as the 'Father of Immunology' (8). The method, which was based on his clinical observation that cowpox infection protected humans against smallpox, replaced variolation, which had been used in clinical prac-

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Update on current views and advances on RSV infection (Review)

Cited by 38 publications

References 118 publications

Clinico demographic profiling of the Respiratory syncytial virus (RSV) infected children admitted in tertiary care hospital in North India

Clinico demographic profiling of the Respiratory syncytial virus (RSV) infected children admitted in tertiary care hospital in North India

New Look at RSV Infection: Tissue Clearing and 3D Imaging of the Entire Mouse Lung at Cellular Resolution

[Comment] Viruses, vaccinations and RSV: Exploring terminology in paediatric virology

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