Upcoming Devices for Diabetes Management: The Artificial Pancreas as the Hallmark Device

Lee, Scott W.; Welsh, John

doi:10.1089/dia.2014.0303

Cited by 4 publications

(3 citation statements)

References 36 publications

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“…An insulin reservoir is a main component of an implantable AP, the latter currently considered to be the way forward for future treatment of Type-1 diabetes [ 2 ]. This artificial organ is in fact expected to provide a fine glycemic control in the blood stream, keeping its values in line with a healthy condition throughout the day [ 7 ]. The insulin reservoir may a critical component for an AP, as it has to comply with three key requirements: (i) be made of a non-biodegradable biocompatible material able to be hosted by the surrounding tissues; (ii) safely store insulin, thus preventing its aggregation, i.e., via suitable chemistry and surface texture; (iii) be shaped with a macro-scale geometry that fits the stringent requirements for an efficient, safe and life-long implantation.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…A different avenue consists of the development of an artificial organ [ 5 ], namely, an artificial pancreas (AP). This appears definitely to be an intriguing approach, since it would allow a closed-loop control of glucose and the reduction in extra needs given by peaks/shortage of insulin [ 6 , 7 ]. In recent years, APs have been classified based on the body placement (i.e., external, wearable vs. internal, implantable), or on the insulin route (i.e., subcutaneous vs. intravenous vs. intraperitoneal, the most reliable for the expected outcome) [ 8 , 9 ].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Characterization of Cyclic Olefin Copolymers for Insulin Reservoir in an Artificial Pancreas

Mallegni

Milazzo

Cristallini

et al. 2023

JFB

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Type-1 diabetes is one of the most prevalent metabolic disorders worldwide. It results in a significant lack of insulin production by the pancreas and the ensuing hyperglycemia, which needs to be regulated through a tailored administration of insulin throughout the day. Recent studies have shown great advancements in developing an implantable artificial pancreas. However, some improvements are still required, including the optimal biomaterials and technologies to produce the implantable insulin reservoir. Here, we discuss the employment of two types of cyclic olefin copolymers (Topas 5013L-10 and Topas 8007S-04) for an insulin reservoir fabrication. After a preliminary thermomechanical analysis, Topas 8007S-04 was selected as the best material to fabricate a 3D-printed insulin reservoir due to its higher strength and lower glass transition temperature (Tg). Fiber deposition modeling was used to manufacture a reservoir-like structure, which was employed to assess the ability of the material to prevent insulin aggregation. Although the surface texture presents a localized roughness, the ultraviolet analysis did not detect any significant insulin aggregation over a timeframe of 14 days. These interesting results make Topas 8007S-04 cyclic olefin copolymer a potential candidate biomaterial for fabricating structural components in an implantable artificial pancreas.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Characterization of Cyclic Olefin Copolymers for Insulin Reservoir in an Artificial Pancreas

Mallegni

Milazzo

Cristallini

et al. 2023

JFB

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

show abstract

“…The number of studies involving closed-loop systems has increased over the past decade, characterized by progress from ''bench to bedside.'' [6][7][8][9] Glycemic control and hypoglycemia reduction were shown in inpatient studies to be superior to those by conventional therapy, setting the path toward testing closed-loop systems outside of the research facility environment. The first transitional setting studies were performed in diabetes camps and hotels under close supervision and remote monitoring.…”

Section: Commentarymentioning

confidence: 99%

The Future of the Artificial Pancreas

Thabit

Hovorka

2015

Diabetes Technology & Therapeutics

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Toward Dosing Precision and Insulin Stability in an Artificial Pancreas System

Iacovacci

Tamadon

Rocchi

et al. 2019

Journal of Medical Devices

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A fully implantable artificial pancreas (AP) still represents the holy grail for diabetes treatment. The quest for efficient miniaturized implantable insulin pumps, able to accurately regulate the blood glucose profile and to keep insulin stability, is still persistent. This work describes the design and testing of a microinjection system connected to a variable volume insulin reservoir devised to favor insulin stability during storage. The design, the constitutive materials, and the related fabrication techniques were selected to favor insulin stability by avoiding—or at least limiting—hormone aggregation. We compared substrates made of nylon 6 and Teflon, provided with different surface roughness values due to the employed fabrication procedures (i.e., standard machining and spray deposition). Insulin stability was tested in a worst case condition for 14 days, and pumping system reliability and repeatability in dosing were tested over an entire reservoir emptying cycle. We found that nylon 6 guarantees a higher insulin stability than Teflon and that independent of the material used, larger roughness determines a higher amount of insulin aggregates. A dedicated rotary pump featured by a 1-μL delivery resolution was developed and connected through a proper gear mechanism to a variable volume air-tight insulin reservoir. The microinjection system was also able to operate in a reverse mode to enable the refilling of the implanted reservoir. The developed system represents a fundamental building block toward the development of a fully implantable AP and could be advantageously integrated even in different implantable drug delivery apparatus (e.g., for pain management).

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Upcoming Devices for Diabetes Management: The Artificial Pancreas as the Hallmark Device

Cited by 4 publications

References 36 publications

Characterization of Cyclic Olefin Copolymers for Insulin Reservoir in an Artificial Pancreas

Characterization of Cyclic Olefin Copolymers for Insulin Reservoir in an Artificial Pancreas

The Future of the Artificial Pancreas

Toward Dosing Precision and Insulin Stability in an Artificial Pancreas System

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