Up-regulation of stearoyl-CoA desaturase 1 and elongase 6 genes expression in rat lipogenic tissues by chronic food restriction and chronic food restriction/refeeding

Abstract

Successful treatment of obesity and related diseases by chronic food restriction requires the understanding of the effect of such nutritional therapy on the expression of genes which have been implicated to be involved in some diseases associated with obesity. The purpose of this study was to examine the effect of chronic food restriction and chronic food restriction/refeeding on lipogenic enzymes, especially the expression of genes encoding the stearoyl-CoA desaturase 1 (Scd1) and elongase6 (Elovl6) in rat liver and adipose tissue. We found that both chronic food restriction and chronic food restriction/refeeding caused increased expression of the Scd1 and Elovl6 genes in both the liver and adipose tissue. The increase was more pronounced in case of chronic food restriction/refeeding (several-fold increase) than that in chronic food restriction alone (two to threefold increase). Essentially, similar results were obtained when the expression of fatty acid synthase, acetyl-CoA carboxylase, ATP-citrate lyase, and malic enzyme genes was studied. Moreover, we found that chronic food restriction and short-term fasting exert opposite effects on the expression of lipogenic enzymes genes. The increased expression of the genes encoding Scd1, Elovl6, and other key lipogenic enzymes may favor fat storage after chronic food restriction/refeeding and may be part of the molecular mechanism by which food restriction/refeeding increases body weight and enhances susceptibility to insulin resistance.

Effect of seasonal and experimental temperature on de novo synthesis of fatty acids in C. crangon

“…20,21) Manipulation of the diet increases the activity of lipogenic enzymes, which are present in the liver and adipose tissue. 22) This activity is reduced due to the FAs derived from food. 23) Frequently, authors noted the stabilization of lipogenesis process.…”

Zwiększone spożycie pokarmu jest związane ze zmianami ekspresji genów neuropeptydów w podwzgórzu samic szczura po podaniu progesteronu

“…Males and females were housed in individual wire-mesh cages, in the same room at 22°C, under a light:dark 12h:12h cycle with lights on at 7:00 a.m. The animals were allowed free access to tap water and food (the commercial diet composition was described in [22]). The amount of consumed food was measured every other day.…”

Unusual increase of Scd1 and Elovl6 expression in rat inguinal adipose tissue

“…The animals were treated as described recently [15]. Briefly, the rats were divided randomly into 2 groups.…”

“…The information about the effect of food restriction and food restriction/refeeding on Scd1 and Elovl6 gene expressions in adipose tissue depots could be of great importance because food restriction is often practiced by individuals trying to lose body weight as well as in prevention of insulin resistance and type 2 diabetes [13]. It has recently been shown that 50% food restriction exerts different effects on Scd1 mRNA level in various adipose tissue depots (no effect on epididymal adipose tissue, down regulation of retroperitoneal fat [14] and up regulation in perirenal adipose tissue [15]). These contradictory results led us to examine the effect of prolonged food restriction and prolonged food restriction/refeeding on Scd1 and Elovl6 gene expressions in main body depots of rat white adipose tissue.…”