Up-regulation of photosynthesis and sucrose metabolism enzymes in young expanding leaves of sugarcane under elevated growth CO2

Vu, Joseph C.V.; Allen, L. H.; Gesch, Russ W.

doi:10.1016/j.plantsci.2006.03.003

Cited by 58 publications

(83 citation statements)

References 36 publications

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“…No direct effect on photosynthesis of [CO 2 ] was simulated. Vu et al (2006), de Souza et al (2008) and Allen et al (2011) Three sites in South Africa (SA) were selected for this study (Figure 1). These were: La Mercy (29°34'30" S, 31°08'45" E (72 m a.s.l.))…”

Section: Crop Model Descriptionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Simulated impacts of climate change on water use and yield of irrigated sugarcane in South Africa

Jones

Singels

Ruane

2015

Agricultural Systems

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Reliable predictions of climate change impacts on water use, irrigation requirements and yields of irrigated sugarcane in South Africa (a water-scarce country) are necessary to plan adaptation strategies. Although previous work has been done in this regard, methodologies and results vary considerably. The objectives were (1) to estimate likely impacts of climate change on sugarcane yields, water use and irrigation demand at three irrigated sugarcane production sites in South Africa (Malelane, Pongola and La Mercy) for current and future (2070-2100) climate scenarios, using an approach based on the Agricultural Model Intercomparison and Improvement Project (AgMIP) protocols; and (2) to assess the suitability of this methodology for investigating climate change impacts on sugarcane production. 2Future climate datasets were generated using the Delta downscaling method and three Global Circulation Models (GCMs) assuming atmospheric CO 2 concentration [CO 2 ] of 734 ppm (A2 emissions scenario). Yield and water use were simulated using the DSSAT-Canegro v4.5 model.Irrigated cane yields are expected to increase at all three sites (between 11 and 14%), primarily due to increased interception of radiation as a result of accelerated canopy development. Evapotranspiration and irrigation requirements increased by 11% due to increased canopy cover and evaporative demand. Sucrose yields are expected to decline because of increased consumption of photo-assimilate for structural growth and maintenance respiration. Crop responses in canopy development and yield formation differed markedly between the crop cycles investigated.Possible agronomic implications of these results include reduced weed control costs due to shortened periods of partial canopy, a need for improved efficiency of irrigation to counter increased demands, and adjustments to ripening and harvest practices to counter decreased cane quality and optimise productivity.Although the Delta climate data downscaling method is considered robust, accurate and easily-understood, it does not change the future number of rain-days per month. The impacts of this and other climate data simplifications ought to be explored in future work.Shortcomings of the DSSAT-Canegro model include the simulated responses of phenological development, photosynthesis and respiration processes to high temperatures, and the disconnect between simulated biomass accumulation and expansive growth. Proposed methodology refinements should improve the reliability of predicted climate change impacts on sugarcane yield.

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Section: Crop Model Descriptionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Simulated impacts of climate change on water use and yield of irrigated sugarcane in South Africa

Jones

Singels

Ruane

2015

Agricultural Systems

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“…In the few studies that have examined responses of sugarcane to rising atmospheric CO 2 , a doubling of the CO 2 concentration during growth was associated with a modest but inconsistent stimulation of A. In young plants of variety CP73-1547 grown in Florida, the direct stimulation of A by elevated growth CO 2 was small (10% or less) and was observed only in leaves of 1-week-old shoots (Vu et al 2006). Ziska and Bunce (1997) observed a nonsignificant, 5 to 10% greater A in plants grown in elevated CO 2 relative to plants grown at current CO 2 levels.…”

Section: Photosynthetic Acclimation To Elevated Comentioning

confidence: 99%

Photosynthesis in Sugarcane

Sage

Peixoto

Sage

2013

Sugarcane: Physiology, Biochemistry, and Functional Biology

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Sugarcane and related species utilize the NADP malic enzyme type of C 4 photosynthesis, which confers superior radiation-, nitrogen-, and wateruse efficiencies relative to C 3 plants in the warm environments where sugarcane thrives. By being able to concentrate CO 2 around Rubisco, sugarcane avoids limitations due to photorespiration and exhibits superior photosynthesis over C 3 plants at low CO 2 levels and warm temperatures (> 30 • C). At current atmospheric CO 2 levels, reported photosynthetic capacities of sugarcane are often low relative to other cultivated C 4 species and frequently are equivalent to photosynthesis rates in C 3 crops such as wheat and rice. These reduced photosynthetic capacities are present in older sugarcane plants because leaf nitrogen values become depleted as cumulatively more tissues are produced, and high carbohydrate levels may downregulate photosynthesis. This is particularly apparent when growers limit late nitrogen applications to boost sugar production. When photosynthesis is measured in young plants with cumulatively low leaf area, or in plants where leaf nitrogen is maintained by regular or heavy nitrogen applications, then sugarcane photosynthetic capacities are typical of C 4 plants and higher than observed in most C 3 species at current CO 2 levels. In leaves with reduced N, photosynthesis in sugarcane could become less efficient, because an imbalance between the C 3 and C 4 metabolic cycles may promote leakage of bundle sheath CO 2 out of the leaf. These observations indicate that photosynthesis in sugarcane could be improved by creating new varieties that either maintain high leaf nitrogen or enhance photosynthetic nitrogen-use efficiency to match that of productive C 4 crops such as maize.

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“…It was observed that the enhancement of A in oil palm seedlings under elevated CO 2 might be attributed to increase in leaf thickness or reduced SLA. The latter was also found to be negatively correlated with A suggesting that thicker mesophyll layer might contain high photosynthesis protein especially Rubisco that might up-regulate several enzymes related to carbon metabolism (Vu et al 2006).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 98%

Changes in growth and photosynthetic patterns of oil palm (Elaeis guineensis Jacq.) seedlings exposed to short-term CO2 enrichment in a closed top chamber

et al. 2009

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Three varieties of oil palm seedlings (Deli Yangambi, Deli Urt, Deli AVROS) were exposed to three levels of CO 2 (400, 800, 1,200 lmol/mol) in split plot design to determine growth (net assimilation rate, NAR; relative growth rate, RGR) and photosynthetic patterns of the seedlings under short-term CO 2 exposure of 15 weeks. Increasing CO 2 from 400 to 800 and 1,200 lmol/mol significantly enhanced total biomass and leaf area, net photosynthesis (A) and water use efficiency (WUE) especially from weeks 9 to 15. By the end of week 15, total biomass increased by 113%, and A and WUE by one-and fivefold, respectively, while specific leaf area decreased by 37%. Both enhanced biomass and A under elevated CO 2 were effective in modifying NAR and RGR as shown by high correlation coefficient values (r 2 = 0.68 and 0.72; r 2 = 0.63 and 0.67, respectively), although WUE seemed to have more influence over the NAR (r 2 = 0.97) and RGR (r 2 = 0.93). Neither interspecific preference nor its interaction with CO 2 imposed any significant effect on parameters observed. Growth improvement with CO 2 seemed able to produce healthy, bigger and vigorous oil palm seedlings, and the technique may have potential to be developed for use to reduce nursery period.Keywords Oil palm seedling Á Growth and development Á Net assimilation rate and relative growth rate Á Net photosynthesis Á Water use efficiency

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Up-regulation of photosynthesis and sucrose metabolism enzymes in young expanding leaves of sugarcane under elevated growth CO2

Cited by 58 publications

References 36 publications

Simulated impacts of climate change on water use and yield of irrigated sugarcane in South Africa

Simulated impacts of climate change on water use and yield of irrigated sugarcane in South Africa

Photosynthesis in Sugarcane

Changes in growth and photosynthetic patterns of oil palm (Elaeis guineensis Jacq.) seedlings exposed to short-term CO2 enrichment in a closed top chamber

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