Changes in growth and photosynthetic patterns of oil palm (Elaeis guineensis Jacq.) seedlings exposed to short-term CO2 enrichment in a closed top chamber

Abstract

Three varieties of oil palm seedlings (Deli Yangambi, Deli Urt, Deli AVROS) were exposed to three levels of CO 2 (400, 800, 1,200 lmol/mol) in split plot design to determine growth (net assimilation rate, NAR; relative growth rate, RGR) and photosynthetic patterns of the seedlings under short-term CO 2 exposure of 15 weeks. Increasing CO 2 from 400 to 800 and 1,200 lmol/mol significantly enhanced total biomass and leaf area, net photosynthesis (A) and water use efficiency (WUE) especially from weeks 9 to 15. By the end of week 15, total biomass increased by 113%, and A and WUE by one-and fivefold, respectively, while specific leaf area decreased by 37%. Both enhanced biomass and A under elevated CO 2 were effective in modifying NAR and RGR as shown by high correlation coefficient values (r 2 = 0.68 and 0.72; r 2 = 0.63 and 0.67, respectively), although WUE seemed to have more influence over the NAR (r 2 = 0.97) and RGR (r 2 = 0.93). Neither interspecific preference nor its interaction with CO 2 imposed any significant effect on parameters observed. Growth improvement with CO 2 seemed able to produce healthy, bigger and vigorous oil palm seedlings, and the technique may have potential to be developed for use to reduce nursery period.Keywords Oil palm seedling Á Growth and development Á Net assimilation rate and relative growth rate Á Net photosynthesis Á Water use efficiency

Primary, Secondary Metabolites, Photosynthetic Capacity and Antioxidant Activity of the Malaysian Herb Kacip Fatimah (Labisia Pumila Benth) Exposed to Potassium Fertilization under Greenhouse Conditions

“…Several precautions were taken to avoid errors during measurements. Leaf surfaces were cleaned and dried using tissue paper before enclosed in the leaf cuvette [93]. The light response curve was produced followed procedures from Ibrahim and Jaafar [94] to generate the apparent quantum yield and dark respiration rate.…”

On yield gaps and better management practices in Indonesian smallholder oil palm plantations

“…Yield increases of 10-30% in response to doubling atmospheric CO2 concentrations have been observed in other C3 crops such as wheat (Kimball et al, 1993;Fuhrer, 2003), and may be expected in future in oil palm as it is well adapted to high-temperature environments (Dufrène and Saugier, 1993). Increases in photosynthetic rates in oil palm seedlings from 5 to 12 µmol m −2 s −1 have been observed in response to changes in atmospheric CO2 concentrations from 400 to 800 ppm (Ibrahim et al, 2010). Whether increased rates of photosynthesis are translated into improved yields depends on multiple factors, particularly the source/sink balance (e.g.…”

Increased atmospheric CO2 changes the photosynthetic responses of Acrocomia aculeata (Arecaceae) to drought

“…Unlike for herbaceous plants, in tree species, due to their longer lifespan, this down-regulation of photosynthesis caused by stomatal conductance is not immediately evident at high [CO 2 ] (Curtis & Wang 1998;Gunderson & Wullschleger 1994;Medlyn et al 2001). Persistent stimulation of photosynthesis in trees experiencing increased [CO 2 ] has been commonly reported (Way et al 2015;Quentin et al 2015;Gunderson & Wullschleger 1994), but only a few studies evaluated the photosynthetic responses of palm species to CO 2 enrichment (Ibrahim et al 2010;Aranjuelo et al 2009). Improved photosynthetic response, higher stomatal conductance, and greater light and water use efficiency by macauba palm indicated up-regulation of photosynthesis under long-term [CO 2 ]700.…”

“…Plant productivity with elevated [CO 2 ] can also be limited by nutrient availability, since significant reductions in nitrogen concentration and increase in the C:N ratio are observed in plants exposed to high [CO 2 ]. However, the response of palm species to elevated [CO 2 ] remains poorly understood (Walther et al 2007;Ibrahim et al 2010;Renninger & Phillips 2016).…”