Up-regulation of chemokine C–C ligand 2 (CCL2) and C-X-C chemokine 8 (CXCL8) expression by monocytes in chronic idiopathic urticaria

Abstract

SummaryThe disturbed cytokine-chemokine network could play an important role in the onset of diseases with inflammatory processes such as chronic idiopathic urticaria (CIU). Our main objectives were to evaluate the relation between proinflammatory chemokine serum levels from CIU patients and their response to autologous skin test (ASST) and basophil histamine release (BHR). We also aimed to assess the chemokine secretion by peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMC) upon polyclonal stimulus and to evaluate chemokine C-C ligand 2/C-X-C chemokine 8 (CCL2/CXCL8) and Toll-like receptor-4 (TLR-4) expression in monocytes. We observed significantly higher serum levels of the CXCL8, CXCL9, CXCL10 and CCL2 in CIU patients compared to the healthy group, regardless of the BHR or ASST response. The basal secretion of CCL2 by PBMC or induced by Staphylococcus aureus enterotoxin A (SEA) was higher in CIU patients than in the control group, as well as for CXCL8 and CCL5 secretions upon phytohaemagglutinin stimulation. Also, up-regulation of CCL2 and CXCL8 mRNA expression was found in monocytes of patients upon SEA stimulation. The findings showed a high responsiveness of monocytes through CCL2/CXCL8 expression, contributing to the creation of a proinflammatory environment in CIU.

Phloretin ameliorates chemokines and ICAM-1 expression via blocking of the NF-κB pathway in the TNF-α-induced HaCaT human keratinocytes

“…Inflammatory keratinocytes released IL-8 to attract neutrophils into sites with localized sites of severe inflammation of the skin that caused both acute and chronic inflammatory syndrome in atopic dermatitis and psoriasis lesions [24,25]. MCP-1, a member of the CC chemokine family, is one of the major chemokines that regulates infiltration of monocytes [26]. CCR2 is the receptor of MCP-1 that influences monocyte inflammation.…”

CCL5/RANTES, sVCAM-1, and sICAM-1 in Chronic Spontaneous Urticaria

“…Among chemokines, CCL5/RANTES is a potent chemoattractant protein for T cells, eosinophils, and monocytes [4] and CXCL8/IL-8 is the main chemoattractant factor for neutrophils [5]. An involvement of chemokines in the pathogenesis of CSU has been suggested by immunological studies conducted on skin biopsies [6,7], sera [8,9,10,11], and purified peripheral blood mononuclear cells [10]. In addition, an important role for CCL5/RANTES, CCL2/MCP-1, and CXCL8/IL-8 in histamine and serotonin release by mast cells has been described [12].…”

Chronic Urticarial in Childhood. Immune Pathology of Chronic Urticarial in Children (Part I)

“…При изуче-нии других лигандов хемокинов обнаружены повышенные уровни CXCL8, CXCL9, CXCL10, CCL2 у пациентов с хронической крапивницей по сравнению с концентрациями данных хемоки-нов у контрольной группы здоровых людей [37].…”

“…При изучении Toll-подобных рецепторов 4 типа была выявлена положительная корреля-ция между активацией базофилов и повышени-ем экспрессии TLR4 на мастоцитах в сочетании с возрастанием уровня гамма-интерферона в сы-воротке крови [37].…”