“…By optimizing the calcination process, they increased the luminescence intensity of the samples. The maximum absolute sensitivity for optical temperature sensing reached 1.27% K À1 at 574 K. 18 Lanthanide elements (Pr, Nd, Eu, Ho, Er, Tm) and transition metal elements (Cr, Mn) have proven to be highly effective luminescent centers for optical thermometry. [19][20][21][22] For instance, Back, M et al discussed the potential of Nd 3+ -activated bismuth silicate systems as ratio thermometers, demonstrating relative sensitivity values of 1.43%ÁK À1 and 1.33%ÁK À1 at 300 K for Bi 2 SiO 5 :Nd@SiO 2 and Bi 4 Si 3 O 12 :Nd@SiO 2 , respectively.…”