Unwrapping the rhizosheath

Pang, Jiayin; Ryan, Megan H.; Siddique, Kadambot H. M.; Simpson, Richard J.

doi:10.1007/s11104-017-3358-y

Cited by 106 publications

(86 citation statements)

References 62 publications

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“…At harvest, roots were carefully lifted out of the soil and gently shaken to remove the loosely adhering soil around the roots (considered to be bulk soil), and the tightly adhering soil around the root was defined as rhizosheath soil (Pang et al ., ). Roots and rhizosheath were then transferred into a beaker containing a measured amount of 0.2 mM CaCl 2 depending on root volume (Pearse et al ., ).…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 97%

“…In this study we selected 16 major herbaceous crops with diverse phylogenetic lineages. Eight root functional traits associated with soil P acquisition were measured under both limiting and adequate soil P availability: average root diameter based on absorptive fine roots (first‐ and second‐order roots), root branching intensity, first‐order root length, specific root length of absorptive fine roots and of the whole root system, the amounts of carboxylates in the rhizosheath (the soil that tightly adheres to the root; Pang et al ., ), acid phosphatase activity in the rhizoshealth, and the colonization by AMF (see Supporting Information Table S1 for detailed descriptions of each trait measured in the experiment). For root morphological properties, we mainly focused on the adjustments of fine absorptive roots, because this part of the root system is primarily responsible for nutrient uptake and shows a high plasticity in response to changing environments (Rewald et al ., ; McCormack et al ., ; Freschet & Roumet, ).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Tradeoffs among root morphology, exudation and mycorrhizal symbioses for phosphorus‐acquisition strategies of 16 crop species

et al. 2019

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Summary Plant roots exhibit diverse root functional traits to enable soil phosphorus (P) acquisition, including changes in root morphology, root exudation and mycorrhizal symbioses. Yet, whether these traits are differently coordinated among crop species to enhance P acquisition is unclear. Here, eight root functional traits for P acquisition were characterized in 16 major herbaceous crop species grown in a glasshouse under limiting and adequate soil P availability. We found substantial interspecific variation in root functional traits among species. Those with thinner roots showed more root branching and less first‐order root length, and had consistently lower colonization by arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi (AMF), fewer rhizosheath carboxylates and reduced acid phosphatase activity. In response to limiting soil P, species with thinner roots showed a stronger response in root branching, first‐order root length and specific root length of the whole root system, Conversely, species with thicker roots exhibited higher colonization by AMF and/or more P‐mobilizing exudates in the rhizosheath. We conclude that, at the species level, tradeoffs occur among the three groups of root functional traits we examined. Root diameter is a good predictor of the relative expression of these traits and how they change when P is limiting.

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Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 97%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Tradeoffs among root morphology, exudation and mycorrhizal symbioses for phosphorus‐acquisition strategies of 16 crop species

et al. 2019

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“…Shoots were separated from roots; the mature (fully expanded) leaves on the main stem (including all shed leaves), apart from the two youngest fully expanded leaves at the top, were removed from the stem. At harvest, the sand was carefully tipped out of the pots, and the root systems were gently shaken to remove excess sand; the sand remaining attached to the roots was defined as rhizosheath soil (York et al, 2016;Pang et al, 2017a).…”

Section: Plant Measurementsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The rhizosheath soil in the beaker after the extraction of carboxylates was filtered, oven-dried at 105°C for 7 d, and DW recorded. Specific rhizosheath weight was calculated as rhizosheath soil DW divided by root DW (Pang et al, 2017a).…”

Section: Plant Measurementsmentioning

confidence: 99%

The carboxylate‐releasing phosphorus‐mobilizing strategy can be proxied by foliar manganese concentration in a large set of chickpea germplasm under low phosphorus supply

et al. 2018

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Summary Root foraging and root physiology such as exudation of carboxylates into the rhizosphere are important strategies for plant phosphorus (P) acquisition. We used 100 chickpea (Cicer arietinum) genotypes with diverse genetic backgrounds to study the relative roles of root morphology and physiology in P acquisition. Plants were grown in pots in a low‐P sterilized river sand supplied with 10 μg P g−1 soil as FePO4, a poorly soluble form of P. There was a large genotypic variation in root morphology (total root length, root surface area, mean root diameter, specific root length and root hair length), and root physiology (rhizosheath pH, carboxylates and acid phosphatase activity). Shoot P content was correlated with total root length, root surface area and total carboxylates per plant, particularly malonate. A positive correlation was found between mature leaf manganese (Mn) concentration and carboxylate amount in rhizosheath relative to root DW. This is the first study to demonstrate that the mature leaf Mn concentration can be used as an easily measurable proxy for the assessment of belowground carboxylate‐releasing processes in a range of chickpea genotypes grown under low‐P, and therefore offers an important breeding trait, with potential application in other crops.

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“…Root exudates, including a great complexity of both low-and high-molecular-weight components, influence zones of soil at root surfaces known as rhizospheres (Baetz & Martinoia, 2014). Rhizosheaths could enable plants to sustain and increase nutrient and water uptake from the soil (Traore et al, 2000;Brown et al, 2017;Pang et al, 2017;Galloway et al, 2018). It is proposed that bioadhesive mucilage components of exudates are important factors, along with root hairs, in the formation of cylinders of soil around roots known as rhizosheaths.…”

Section: Root Exudates Bioengineer Rhizospheres For Sustained Resourcmentioning

confidence: 99%

Sticky mucilages and exudates of plants: putative microenvironmental design elements with biotechnological value

2019

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Summary Plants produce a wide array of secretions both above and below ground. Known as mucilages or exudates, they are secreted by seeds, roots, leaves and stems and fulfil a variety of functions including adhesion, protection, nutrient acquisition and infection. Mucilages are generally polysaccharide‐rich and often occur in the form of viscoelastic gels and in many cases have adhesive properties. In some cases, progress is being made in understanding the structure–function relationships of mucilages such as for the secretions that allow growing ivy to attach to substrates and the biosynthesis and secretion of the mucilage compounds of the Arabidopsis seed coat. Work is just beginning towards understanding root mucilage and the proposed adhesive polymers involved in the formation of rhizosheaths at root surfaces and for the secretions involved in host plant infection by parasitic plants. In this article, we summarise knowledge on plant exudates and mucilages within the concept of their functions in microenvironmental design, focusing in particular on their bioadhesive functions and the molecules responsible for them. We draw attention to areas of future knowledge need, including the microstructure of mucilages and their compositional and regulatory dynamics.

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Unwrapping the rhizosheath

Cited by 106 publications

References 62 publications

Tradeoffs among root morphology, exudation and mycorrhizal symbioses for phosphorus‐acquisition strategies of 16 crop species

Tradeoffs among root morphology, exudation and mycorrhizal symbioses for phosphorus‐acquisition strategies of 16 crop species

The carboxylate‐releasing phosphorus‐mobilizing strategy can be proxied by foliar manganese concentration in a large set of chickpea germplasm under low phosphorus supply

Sticky mucilages and exudates of plants: putative microenvironmental design elements with biotechnological value

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