Unusual cause of superior vena cava syndrome diagnosed with transesophageal echocardiography

Anesthetic management of superior vena cava syndrome due to anterior mediastinal mass

“…The severity of the syndrome depends on the rapidity of the onset of obstruction and its location. [8] When the obstruction is slow and progressive, collateral pathways develop and symptoms are usually mild or absent as in this case.…”

“…[10] Preload augmentation should be considered in these patients as the mediastinal mass may cause a significant compression of SVC, reducing preload and cardiac output. [8] A 16-G IV cannula was placed in lower extremity in this patient. It is recommended that in all patients with more than 50% reduction in caliber of the airway preoperatively, femoral vessels should be cannulated in the preparation of cardiopulmonary bypass before the induction of general anesthesia.…”

“…To prevent this, hypotension was avoided and mean arterial blood pressure maintained close to the preinduction levels. The additional protective effect of inhaled anesthetic agents (isoflurane in this case) in reducing cerebral metabolic rate[8] was used along with the head-up position to prevent such an increase in intracranial pressure.…”

Staphylococcus aureus septicemia presenting as disseminated intravascular coagulation - thrombotic thrombocytopenic purpura overlap and thrombus in inferior vena cava, right atrium and right ventricle: a case report

“…They may be suspected because of difficulty with infusion or withdrawal of blood from a central venous catheter, or because of superior vena cava syndrome, a pulmonary embolism, tricuspid insufficiency, right-sided heart failure, sudden onset of a cardiac murmur, or syncopal episodes. [11][12][13][14] The only clinical sign of a thrombotic infection is often fever or sepsis of unknown origin. 15 As in right-sided endocarditis related to the presence of a central venous catheter, the most frequently encountered pathogens in central venous or right atrial septic thrombosis are Staphylococcus and Candida species.…”

Bedside Procedure: Retained Central Venous Catheter

“…Due to the interaction between the catheter surface and hematogenous components, thrombus formation can occur at any point along the device. Morbidity from thrombus formation includes embolic events (particularly if the thrombus is associated with the tip of the catheter or >3 cm), infected thrombus, SVC occlusion, and ipsilateral edema [6,[54][55][56][57]. If a thrombus is identified and is <3 cm, the CVC can be safely removed without evidence of adverse events.…”