Unusual case of lethal tick-borne encephalitis in patient vaccinated with vaccines produced from different viruses strains (the Chelyabinsk Region)

Pogodina, V V; Luchinina, Svetlana V.; Степанова, О.Н.; Стенько, Е А; Gorfinkel, A. N; Karmysheva, V. Ya.; Gerasimov, S.; Levina, L S; Chirkova, G. G.; Karan, Lyudmila S.; Kolyasnikova, Nadezhda M.; Колесникова, Л. И.

doi:10.17816/eid40869

Cited by 16 publications

(1 citation statement)

References 2 publications

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“…However, rare cases of TBE vaccine failures have also been recorded [4,[25][26][27][28][29]. Cases of breakthrough TBEV infections in vaccinated people are usually characterized by a mild clinical course [25], but severe and even lethal infections have also been described [4,[27][28][29]. The purported explanation given by the authors for this is antibody dependent enhancement of infection (ADE), which is well known for mosquito-borne flaviviruses such as dengue and Zika viruses.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Experimental Assessment of Possible Factors Associated with Tick-Borne Encephalitis Vaccine Failure

et al. 2021

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Currently the only effective measure against tick-borne encephalitis (TBE) is vaccination. Despite the high efficacy of approved vaccines against TBE, rare cases of vaccine failures are well documented. Both host- and virus-related factors can account for such failures. In this work, we studied the influence of mouse strain and sex and the effects of cyclophosphamide-induced immunosuppression on the efficacy of an inactivated TBE vaccine. We also investigated how an increased proportion of non-infectious particles in the challenge TBE virus would affect the protectivity of the vaccine. The vaccine efficacy was assessed by mortality, morbidity, levels of viral RNA in the brain of surviving mice, and neutralizing antibody (NAb) titers against the vaccine strain and the challenge virus. Two-dose vaccination protected most animals against TBE symptoms and death, and protectivity depended on strain and sex of mice. Immunosuppression decreased the vaccine efficacy in a dose-dependent manner and changed the vaccine-induced NAb spectrum. The vaccination protected mice against TBE virus neuroinvasion and persistence. However, viral RNA was detected in the brain of some asymptomatic animals at 21 and 42 dpi. Challenge with TBE virus enriched with non-infectious particles led to lower NAb titers in vaccinated mice after the challenge but did not affect the protective efficacy.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Experimental Assessment of Possible Factors Associated with Tick-Borne Encephalitis Vaccine Failure

et al. 2021

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Long-term monitoring of tick-borne viral encephalitis and tick-borne borreliosis in the Komi Republic

Гнатив

Токаревич

2020

Russian Journal of Infection and Immunity

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Our study was aimed at analyzing data combining objective is epidemiological, zoological and entomological research intended to determine the environmental and epidemiological patterns of tick-borne encephalitis (TBE) and Lyme borreliosis (LB) foci, as well as the role of anthropogenic factors in epidemic manifestations to improve anti-epidemic activities.Long-term data on the abundance of ticks flagged from vegetation in various districts of the Komi Republic (RK) have been analyzed. The prevalence of tick-borne encephalitis virus (TBEV) and Borrelia burgdorferi (agent of LB) in ticks picked from vegetation, humans and domestic animals in various districts of the RK was measured by using enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay and polymerase chain reaction (PCR-ELISA). In addition, the data on 1994 – 2017 tick-bite incidence in RK in, 1970 – 2017 TBE incidence, and 1997 – 2017 LB incidence were also examined and correlated with the impact of forest transformation on the TBE incidence.The rise of tick population in the southern districts of RK and its northward expansion were noted. It is also shown that the RK territory, where tick bites are registered, expanded significantly.Mean annual tick-bite incidence rate in 2006 – 2017 vs. 1994 – 2005 timeframe was increased by 4-fold.RK regions where deforestation took place, the tick-bite incidence was increased, and the local TBE incidence elevated distinctly.In recent years, there was a rise in TBEV prevalence in ticks, collected either from vegetation or from humans and animals.In 2006 – 2017 and 1970 – 1981, mean annual TBE incidence rate increased by a 11- and 36-fold as compared to that one registered in 1982 – 1993. In recent years, the most severe focal TBE forms began to be recorded. In 1996 – 2017, the TBE mortality rate was 2.3%.The main features of LB epidemiology mimic those found in TBEV. In particular, the prevalence of Borrelia burgdorferi in ticks flagged from vegetation increased from 9.5% to 34.7% in 2010 vs. 2017, respectively. A sharp rise in LB incidence rate and profound northward shift for bacterial range, where this infection started to be registered only in recent years, were noted. Both TBE and LB demonstrated marked occupation-related pattern.The need in conducting task-oriented prophylaxis of tick-borne infections is necessitated by taking into account geographic specifics. The RK northern regions should be considered as potentially endemic, where tick bites in human population has recently begun to be reported.

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Epidemiological Situation on Tick-Borne Viral Encephalitis in the Russian Federation in 2019 and Forecast for 2020

Nikitin

Андаев

Yatsmenko

et al. 2020

Problemy Osobo Opasnykh Infektsii

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Tick-borne encephalitis is a transmissible natural-focal disease which occurs in some countries across Europe and Asia. The observation of epidemic process dynamics of TBVE in Russia covers an 80-year long period and it’s the world longest. The existence of extensive records, various data from different geographic and administrative areas opens the way to interpretation of certain ecological and social factors and their role in the regional epidemiological situation. The targeted measures against TBVE are feasible only when the role of basic predictors of decreasing incidence is defined. Objective: analysis of TBVE incidence among the population and preventive measures in the Districts and constituent entities of Russia in 2019, forecast for 2020 based on the data collected in 2010–2019. The article shows a continued downward trend in TBVE incidence, noted in recent years. However, cases of infection were registered in 6 Federal Districts and 46 regions just like in the past. The number of patients amounted to 1559 (the incidence rate is 1.02 per 100000 people), of whom 23 have died. The rate of seeking medical care among those who were bitten by ticks increased. Specific preventive measures against TBVE haven’t significantly changed by volume and focus compared to the previous period. The scope of acaricide treatments has declined. The article also presents the data concerning TBVE carriers’ infection rate, and the laboratory study results in districts and regions across the country. It is recognized that the epidemiological situation on TBVE in Russia is still unfavorable. It requires the constant attention of health facilities and Rospotrebnadzor and management decisions aimed at further decrease in the incidence by improved prevention especially in the regions with high TBVE incidence.

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Unusual case of lethal tick-borne encephalitis in patient vaccinated with vaccines produced from different viruses strains (the Chelyabinsk Region)

Cited by 16 publications

References 2 publications

Experimental Assessment of Possible Factors Associated with Tick-Borne Encephalitis Vaccine Failure

Experimental Assessment of Possible Factors Associated with Tick-Borne Encephalitis Vaccine Failure

Long-term monitoring of tick-borne viral encephalitis and tick-borne borreliosis in the Komi Republic

Epidemiological Situation on Tick-Borne Viral Encephalitis in the Russian Federation in 2019 and Forecast for 2020

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