Untreated Graves' disease patients without clinical ophthalmopathy demonstrate a high frequency of extraocular muscle (EOM) enlargement by magnetic resonance.

Villadolid, Maria C.; Yokoyama, Naokata; Izumi, Motomori; Nishikawa, T; Kimura, Hironori; Ashizawa, Kiyoto; Kiriyama, Takeshi; Uetani, Masataka; Nagataki, Shigenobu

doi:10.1210/jcem.80.9.7673432

Cited by 54 publications

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“…Villadolid et al examined two groups of patients with Graves' disease: with clinical ophthalmopathy and without it. Both groups showed the inferior rectus muscle as the most frequently involved (56% and 77%, respectively) (17).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 95%

Ultrasonic measurement of ocular rectus muscle thickness in patients with Graves’ ophthalmopathy

Imbrasienė

Jankauskienė²,

Stanislovaitienė³

2010

Medicina

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The aim of this study was to evaluate changes in extraocular muscle thickness and to assess its correlation with the degree of proptosis in patients with Graves’ ophthalmopathy (GO). Material and methods. A total of 242 patients (207 females and 35 males) with Graves’ ophthalmopathy were enrolled into the study (GO group). Their mean age was 53.83±14.49 years. In addition, we examined an age-matched (53.51±12.79 years) control group of 40 healthy persons. All the participants underwent ophthalmological examination, including eye protrusion measurement and ultrasonographic evaluation of extraocular muscles thickness. Results. The mean exophthalmos in the GO and control groups was 17.84±2.79 mm and 16.0±1.58 mm, respectively. The enlargement of inferior rectus muscle was recorded in 92.1% of patients, lateral rectus muscle in 81.2%, and medial rectus muscle in 50.8% (P<0.001). A significant correlation between exophthalmos and muscle thickness sum was found in the GO group (Spearman correlation coefficient, 0.515; P<0.0001). Conclusions. Graves’ ophthalmopathy is more frequent in medium-aged women than men. A significant enlargement of inferior, lateral, and medial straight muscles was noticed in the GO group. With increasing proptosis, the sum of the muscle thickness was increasing, and exophthalmos moderately correlated with muscle thickness sum.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 95%

Ultrasonic measurement of ocular rectus muscle thickness in patients with Graves’ ophthalmopathy

Imbrasienė

Jankauskienė²,

Stanislovaitienė³

2010

Medicina

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“…T hyroid-associated ophthalmopathy (TAO) is an autoimmune disorder of the orbit associated with Graves' disease (GD) which presents signs and symptoms in 50% of the cases (1)(2)(3), even though activity is clinically detected in few cases (2)(3)(4). The natural course of the disease shows an initial active phase followed by an inactive phase (4,5).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The natural course of the disease shows an initial active phase followed by an inactive phase (4,5). Abnormalities of the clinical activity are associated with lymphocytic infiltration and edema, whereas inactivity is associated with fibrosis (6,7), both producing proptosis (2,6,7). Treatments are more effective in the active phase, thus its determination is essential (1,4,7,8) but management fails in 50% of the cases probably due to the difficulty (4,6,7) in identifying the disease phase (8).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Ultrasonography compared to magnetic resonance imaging in thyroid-associated Graves' ophthalmopathy

Vlainich

Romaldini

Pedro

et al. 2011

Arq Bras Endocrinol Metab

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Objective: To compare ultrasonography (US) to magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) and the clinical activity score (CAS) in Graves' ophthalmopathy. Subjects and methods: Nineteen patients underwent extraocular muscle thickness measurements by US and MRI, reflectivity by US and signal-intensity ratio by MRI. There were also twelve US control subjects. Results: US median thicknesses were greater than in controls. Correlation was found between US and MRI in the median thickness of the left eye rectus medial muscle as well as between signal-intensity ratio (SIR) and thickness by US. An inverse correlation was found between reflectivity and SIR in the inferior and lateral rectus. On associating the tests for detecting activity the best results were obtained with CAS plus MRI (sensitivity 75%), and US and MRI (positive predictive value 77% and specificity 80%). Conclusion: CAS and US results showed poor correlation with MRI results suggesting that they cannot replace each other but when combined these methods can improve the evaluation of thyroid-associated ophthalmopathy. Arq Bras Endocrinol Metab. 2011;55(3):184-8 Keywords Graves' disease; thyroid-associated ophthalmopathy; orbital ultrasonography; magnetic resonance imaging RESUMO Objetivo: Comparar a ultrassonografia (US) à ressonância magnética nuclear (RMN) e o índice de atividade clínica (IAC) na oftalmopatia de Graves. Sujeitos e métodos: Dezenove pacientes submetidos à medida da espessura dos músculos extraoculares por US e RMN, refletividade ao US e razão da intensidade de sinal (RIS) à RMN. Grupo controle para US de 12 indivíduos. Resultados: Espessura mediana ao US foi maior que dos controles. Houve correlação entre US e RMN na espessura mediana dos músculos retos mediais dos olhos esquerdos e entre a RIS e a espessura ao US e correlação inversa entre refletividade e SIR nos retos inferior e lateral. Detectando atividade, os melhores resultados foram associando IAC e RMN (sensitividade de 75%) e US e RMN (valor preditivo positivo de 77% e especificidade de 80%). Conclusão: Resultados do IAC e US mostraram pouca correlação com a RMN, sugerindo que não podem ser substituídos, mas, quando combinados, esses métodos podem melhorar a avaliação da oftalmopatia associada à tiroide. Arq Bras Endocrinol Metab. 2011;55(3):184-8 Descritores Doença de Graves; oftalmopatia associada à tiroide; ultrassonografia orbitária; ressonância magnética nuclear

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“…It is closely associated with Graves' disease, a form of hyperthyroidism in which autoantibodies stimulate the thyrotropin receptor. As much as 50% of patients with Graves' disease will develop orbital changes [1][2][3][4][5] , even though activity is clinically detected in only a few cases 2,3,6 . The diagnosis of hyperthyroidism and TAO usually occurs within 18 months of each other 7 .…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Correlation between magnetic resonance imaging and ultrasound measurements of eye muscle thickness in thyroid-associated orbitopathy

Karhanová¹,

Kovář²,

Fryšák³

et al. 2015

Biomed Pap Med Fac Univ Palacky Olomouc Czech Repub

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Aims.To compare ultrasound (US) and magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) measurements of horizontal eye muscle thickness in patients with thyroid-associated orbitopathy (TAO) and to compare these measurements according to the phase of the disease, the severity of exophthalmos, and the experience of the investigator. Methods. A total of 180 orbits of adult patients with TAO were investigated from May 2007 to December 2012. In addition to their general ophthalmic examination, all patients underwent ultrasonographic measurement of horizontal eye muscle thickness with the B-scan technique and MRI examination of the orbit. Correlations between values obtained by US and MRI were determined for different subgroups according to disease activity (active, inactive), exophthalmos values (Hertel < 18 mm; Hertel 18-22 mm; Hertel > 22 mm), and the time period of examination (2007-2009; 2010-2012). Results. Positive moderate correlation between US and MRI values for the medial rectus muscle (MRM; r = 0.690) and for the lateral rectus muscle (LRM; r = 0.572) was found. Significantly higher correlation was found for the MRM (P < 0.0001) and the LRM (P = 0.0008) in the time period 2010-2012 than in that of [2007][2008][2009]. Increasing correlation was found for MRM with increasing values of exophthalmos but this increase was not statistically significant. In the active phase of the disease compared to the inactive phase, statistically significant increased correlation (P = 0.019) was found for the LRM. Conclusions. Ultrasonographic measurement of horizontal eye muscles thickness in TAO moderately correlates with values obtained using MRI. The accuracy of ultrasonographic measurements in particular increases with the experience of the investigator.

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Untreated Graves' disease patients without clinical ophthalmopathy demonstrate a high frequency of extraocular muscle (EOM) enlargement by magnetic resonance.

Cited by 54 publications

References 0 publications

Ultrasonic measurement of ocular rectus muscle thickness in patients with Graves’ ophthalmopathy

Ultrasonic measurement of ocular rectus muscle thickness in patients with Graves’ ophthalmopathy

Ultrasonography compared to magnetic resonance imaging in thyroid-associated Graves' ophthalmopathy

Correlation between magnetic resonance imaging and ultrasound measurements of eye muscle thickness in thyroid-associated orbitopathy

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