Untreated essential infantile esotropia: Factors affecting the development of amblyopia

Calcutt, C.; Murray, Anthony

doi:10.1038/eye.1998.42

Cited by 34 publications

(11 citation statements)

References 29 publications

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“…Most of the handful of previous reports, then, have comprised cases of untreated infantile esotropia who presented as adults 1624 However, there is some question of the pertinence of these findings to small angle strabismic patients since, as these studies point out,16 24 the large angle deviation associated with infantile esotropia appears more likely to give rise to alternation than amblyopia, as demonstrated by the onset of apparently iatrogenic amblyopia that often follows surgical reduction in size of these patients’ misalignments 1625.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Natural history of amblyopia untreated owing to lack of compliance

Simons

Preslan

1999

British Journal of Ophthalmology

121

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Aims-A prospective study of the eYcacy of amblyopia treatment in preschool children has recently been called for, requiring an untreated control group. The present study assessed data from patients with amblyopia untreated owing to lack of compliance, or with amblyopia risk factors, to determine outcome. Methods-Longitudinal data were obtained from 18 4-6 year old patients who had initially been screened for amblyopia, strabismus, and/or bilateral refractive error, failed to comply with prescribed treatment, and in whom amblyopia was detected at a rescreening approximately a year later. The data from three previous studies comparing outcome of patients compliant and non-compliant with amblyopia treatment were also reanalysed. Results-One child of the 18, who wore glasses sporadically, showed some improvement in visual acuity in the amblyopic eye. Otherwise, no child showed an improvement, and seven of the 17 (41%) for whom visual acuities were available at both screenings showed a deterioration of visual acuity in the amblyopic eye, including three who apparently developed amblyopia for the first time. A child with an ametropic risk factor for amblyopia whose visual acuity was not obtained at the first screening and who was largely noncompliant presented with amblyopia at the second screening. The reanalysed data from the three previous studies demonstrated a significantly poorer visual acuity outcome in the amblyopic eye in the noncompliant patient groups than in the compliant groups in each study. Conclusion-Preschool children with amblyopia or its risk factors are at risk of having the current amblyopia deteriorate, or of developing amblyopia, if not treated. These results raise questions about the ethical acceptability of a prospective study of amblyopia treatment at these ages. (Br J Ophthalmol 1999;83:582-587)

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Natural history of amblyopia untreated owing to lack of compliance

Simons

Preslan

1999

British Journal of Ophthalmology

121

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“…5,6,8,9 The attainment of fusion or stereopsis, which indicates single binocular vision, may help to maintain straight eyes. [18][19][20] Scott et al 9 observed that 13 (59%) of 22 patients who had good postoperative motor alignment as a result of uniform surgery fused in Worth's four-dot test and also demonstrated at least 3,000 seconds of arc of stereoacuity in the Titmus test, while 18 (58%) of 31 patients who had undergone selective surgery achieved these results. A fusion response in the Worth four-dot test was present in 63% of the patients of Hiles et al 3 Wright et al 19 reported that 5 of 7 patients who had surgery between 13 and 19 weeks of age achieved essentially straight eyes, and all showed fusion in Worth's four-dot test and stereoacuities that ranged from 400 to 40 seconds of arc.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 96%

Results of classical and augmented bimedial rectus recession in infantile esotropia

Altıntaş¹,

Yılmaz²,

Duman³

1999

Strabismus

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“…In most cases, the age of onset of squint was clear remembered; it was the age at which patching started. Amblyopia may not develop in children with early-onset strabismus [15], but evidences show that those who become amblyopia do so soon after the onset of squint [16][17][18]. In addition, most of the late-onset amblyopia started to squint after 18 months of age.…”

Section: Comparison Of Mfvep Responses In Different Onset Age Amblyopiamentioning

confidence: 99%