Untersuchungen über chemische Zusammensetzung und Aufbau des Hirschgeweihes

Bernhard, Karl; Brubacher, G.; Hediger, H.; Bruhin, H.

doi:10.1007/bf02154583

Cited by 6 publications

(20 citation statements)

References 2 publications

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“…In White-tailed deer, the union is a zone of denser bone consisting of irregularly interwoven Haversian systems, but the line of future separation is indicated by a narrow transverse red band of minute blood vessels. Injections of India ink and radioactive phosphorus (32P) into Fallow and White-tailed deer indicate a complete lack of vascular connection between the pedicle and the antler at this stage of the cycle (Bernhard et al, 1953;Wislocki, 1942).…”

Section: Pediclesmentioning

confidence: 99%

Antlers–bones of contention

Chapman¹

1975

Mammal Review

112

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Section: Pediclesmentioning

confidence: 99%

Antlers–bones of contention

Chapman¹

1975

Mammal Review

112

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“…These are completely bony structures that consist of a central spongiosa and a surrounding compact cortex (Goss 1983;Rolf and Enderle 1999;. Most authors hold that antlers die at or within a few weeks after velvet shedding due to ischemia (Gruber 1937;Wislocki 1942;Bernhard et al 1953;Waldo and Wislocki 1951;Goss 1983;Gray et al 1992). In contrast, other investigators claim that hard antlers receive a sufficient blood supply via the pedicles to remain viable for several weeks after velvet shedding or even almost until casting (e.g.…”

Section: Antler Growth and Mineralizationmentioning

confidence: 96%

“…Growing antlers have high requirements for calcium and phosphorus, the main constituents of the antler bone mineral, which is an impure hydroxyapatite (Bernhard et al 1953;U. Kierdorf et al 1997).…”

Section: Antler Growth and Mineralizationmentioning

confidence: 99%

Antlers as biomonitors of environmental pollution by lead and fluoride: A review

Kierdorf

2005

Eur J Wildl Res

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“…Based on adult male red deer hunted in NPNH between 2001 and 2008, average antler weight is 6.0 kg (SE = 0.1 kg, n = 151, Flueck unpublished). Average P content in fresh antlers based on reported moisture content and P in ash is 13.5% [21,25,26]. Therefore, a hunted average male in the NHNP would have about 0.81 kg of P in his antlers.…”

Section: Mass Balance For P For Male Red Deermentioning

confidence: 99%

“…[P] in wet bone 12.74% [21] [P] in soft tissue 15% above bone content [8] [P] in fresh antler 13.5% [21,25,26] antler weight, 8 year old male 6.0 kg (n = 151) Flueck unpubl.…”

Section: Phosphorus In Female Red Deermentioning

confidence: 99%

Biotic Translocation of Phosphorus: The Role of Deer in Protected Areas

Flueck

2009

Sustainability

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Biogeochemical cycles are cornerstones of biological evolution. Mature terrestrial ecosystems efficiently trap nutrients and certain ones are largely recycled internally. Preserving natural fluxes of nutrients is an important mission of protected areas, but artificially leaky systems remain common. Native red deer (Cervus elaphus) in the Swiss National Park (SNP) are known to reduce phosphorus (P) in preferred feeding sites by removing more P than is returned with feces. At larger scales it becomes apparent that losses are occurring due to seasonal deer movements out of the SNP where most deer end up perishing. Thus, the SNP contributes to producing deer which translocate P to sink areas outside the SNP due to several artificial factors. An adult female dying outside of SNP exports about 1.8 kg of P, whereas a male dying outside of SNP at 8 years of age exports 7.2 kg of P due also to annual shedding of antlers. Averaged over the vegetated part of the SNP, the about 2,000 deer export 0.32 kg/ha/yr of P. Other ungulate species using the SNP and dying principally outside of its borders would result in additional exports of P. Leakiness in this case is induced by: a) absence of the predator community and thus a lack of summer mortalities and absence of several relevant non-lethal predator effects, b) hunting-accelerated population turnover rate, and c) deaths outside of SNP principally from hunting. The estimated export rate for P compares to rates measured in extensive production systems which receive 10-50 kg/ha/yr of P as fertilizer to compensate the losses from biomass exports. Assumptions were made regarding red deer body weight or population turnover rate, yet substituting my estimates with actual values from the SNP would only affect somewhat the magnitude of the effect, but not its direction. The rate of P loss is a proxy for losses of other elements, the most critical ones being those not essential OPEN ACCESSSustainability 2009, 1 105 to autotrophs, but essential to heterotrophs. High deer turnover rates combined with accelerated biomass export warrants detailed mass balances of macro and micro nutrients, and studies of biogeochemical cycles in protected areas are essential if preserving natural processes is a mandate.

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Untersuchungen über chemische Zusammensetzung und Aufbau des Hirschgeweihes

Cited by 6 publications

References 2 publications

Antlers–bones of contention

Antlers–bones of contention

Antlers as biomonitors of environmental pollution by lead and fluoride: A review

Biotic Translocation of Phosphorus: The Role of Deer in Protected Areas

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