UntargetedGC‐MSmetabolomics reveals metabolic differences in the Chinese mitten‐hand crab (Eriocheir sinensis) fed with dietary palm oil or olive oil

Abstract

Palm oil (PO) and olive oil (OO) have been widely used in animal diets, but the knowledge of metabolic change in animals fed a diet with different oil sources is limited. Here, we compared the metabolic differences in the Chinese mitten crab fed with PO and OO as the main dietary lipid sources by performing GC‐MS‐based serum metabolomics assays and traditional nutritional assessments. The crab fed OO displayed lower lipid accumulation and oxidative stress in the hepatopancreas than those in the crab fed PO. In the metabolomics assay, 68 metabolites with high credibility were identified and five metabolites were significantly different between two feeding groups. In these five metabolites, hydroxylamine, 3‐hydroxypropionic acid and 2‐hydroxypyridine were higher in the OO group, while lysine and citrulline were higher in the PO group. We demonstrate that olive oil can provide comprehensive benefits to the crab by providing more energy, improving cell membrane structure, containing phenols as a natural antioxidant, and improving the composition of intestinal microbiota. On the contrary, palmitic acid‐enriched palm oil tended to increase protein degradation and lipid accumulation‐induced lipotoxicity. This study illustrates that the metabolic mechanism differs between crabs fed olive oil and palm oil, and OA‐enriched olive oil is recommended as an ingredient for crab diet formulation.

GC-MS-Based Metabolomics Analysis of Prawn Shell Waste Co-Fermentation by Lactobacillus plantarum and Bacillus subtilis

“…GC derivatization was performed for metabolic profiling on the GC-MS [29]. The lyophilized samples were re-dissolved in 100 µL of 20 mg/mL methoxyamine hydrochloride in pyridine and incubated at 37 • C for 1 h for carbonyls protection [30].…”

Metabolomic-Based Studies of the Intake of Virgin Olive Oil: A Comprehensive Review

“…One work reported that crab fed the olive oil diet grew faster and had lower concentrations of hepatic glycogen, TAG, and oxidative stress biomarkers, while metabolites related to glycolysis and the tricarboxylic acid cycle, intermediate for valine and leucine synthesis, and intermediate for glutathione synthesis were up-regulated compared with the perilla oil [43]. The other work described differences when comparing olive oil vs. palm oil intake in five metabolic pathways, including alanine, aspartate and glutamate metabolism, lysine biosynthesis and degradation metabolism, arginine and proline metabolism, pyrimidine metabolism and propanoate metabolism [44]. These data are different from those obtained by Guasch-Ferré et al (2020) in humans with T2DM [32], but we think that differences in human and crab metabolisms make it difficult to compare results.…”

Effect of dietary lipid on growth, body composition, serum biochemistry and hepatic metabolite alteration in Chinese rice field eel (Monopterus albus) fingerlings

“…Gas chromatography-mass spectrometry (GC-MS) is generally used to resolve volatile (or can be volatilized) compounds such as monosaccharides, amino acids, organic acids and nucleosides in metabolomics analysis (Ma et al, 2018). More importantly, GC-MSbased metabolomics analysis provides an understanding of the metabolic profile of different dietary components, such as dietary oils in fish and crustaceans (Ma et al, 2017(Ma et al, , 2018Qiu et al, 2017).…”

“…Gas chromatography-mass spectrometry (GC-MS) is generally used to resolve volatile (or can be volatilized) compounds such as monosaccharides, amino acids, organic acids and nucleosides in metabolomics analysis (Ma et al, 2018). More importantly, GC-MSbased metabolomics analysis provides an understanding of the metabolic profile of different dietary components, such as dietary oils in fish and crustaceans (Ma et al, 2017(Ma et al, , 2018Qiu et al, 2017). Besides, GC-MS analysis has been used to identify potential biomarkers for the assessment of the meat quality of white-fleshed fish (Mabuchi, Ishimaru, Tanaka, Kawaguchi, & Tanimoto, 2018), as well as the larva quality of hatchery-reared mussels (Young et al, 2015).…”