“…Benzyne precursors were obtained from commercial suppliers and used without purification. Benzyne precursors 2b , 2c ,α-cyano-β-methylenones 1a – 1x , 1y-1z, 1aa , 4a , 4b , 4c , and 4d were prepared according to literature procedures. Anhydrous THF, 1,4-dioxane, toluene, and DME were distilled from sodium and benzophenone prior to use.…”