Unsaturated fatty acids from flaxseed oil and exercise modulate GPR120 but not GPR40 in the liver of obese mice: a new anti-inflammatory approach

Gaspar, Rafael Calais; Veiga, Camilla Bertuzzo; Bessi, Mariana Pereira; Dátilo, Marcella Neves; Sant’Ana, Marcella Ramos; Rodrigues, Patrícia Brito; Moura, Leandro Pereira de; Silva, Adelino Sánchez Ramos da; Santos, Givanildo Alves dos; Catharino, Rodrigo Ramos; Ropelle, Eduardo Rochete; Pauli, José Rodrigo; Cintra, Dennys Esper

doi:10.1016/j.jnutbio.2018.12.003

Cited by 26 publications

(16 citation statements)

References 49 publications

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“…In turn, β-arrestin-2 recruits TAK1/2 binding protein (TAB1/2), an element of pro-inflammatory pathways such as TLR2/4 and TNF-α pathways, which interferes and disassembles their cascades, resulting in reduced inflammation [ 66 , 72 ]. Following GPR120 ω-3 LC-PUFA-induced activation, β-arrestin-2 can also bind to nucleotide-binding oligomerization domain-like receptor containing pyrin domain 3 (NLRP3) protein, disrupting the inflammasome structure and inhibiting NLRP3 inflammasome activation [ 72 , 73 ]. An additional mechanism by which NF-κB signaling is inhibited involves PPAR-γ, a transcription factor with anti-inflammatory effects that can be activated by EPA and DHA.…”

Section: The Anti-inflammatory Compounds Present In the Diet: Classification And Mechanism Of Actionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Anti-Inflammatory Properties of Diet: Role in Healthy Aging

et al. 2021

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Inflammation is a physiological process involved in the defenses of the body and the repair of tissues. It is acutely activated by infections, trauma, toxins, or allergic reactions. However, if it becomes chronic, inflammation can end up stimulating the development of diseases such as cardiovascular disease, autoimmune disease, neurological disease, or cancer. Additionally, during aging, inflammation becomes increasingly more chronic. Furthermore, we found that certain foods, such as saturated fats, have pro-inflammatory activity. Taking this into account, in this review we have discussed different diets with possible anti-inflammatory activity, the commonly ingested components of each diet and their active compounds. In addition, we have proposed some dietary guidelines, as well as a list of compounds present in foods with anti-inflammatory activity, outlining how to combine them to achieve optimal anti-inflammatory effects. Therefore, we can conclude that the compounds in our diet with anti-inflammatory activity could help alleviate the inflammatory processes derived from diseases and unhealthy diets, and thereby promote healthy aging.

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Section: The Anti-inflammatory Compounds Present In the Diet: Classification And Mechanism Of Actionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Anti-Inflammatory Properties of Diet: Role in Healthy Aging

et al. 2021

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“…Similar to FFA1, FFA4 is also activated by long-chain fatty acids and also has metabolic functions [8,65]. Notably, the expression of this receptor can be induced by a fish oil-enriched diet and by the aerobic exercise of different organs [66,67]. Osteoclasts and osteoblasts also express FFA4, and in the presence of high levels of omega-3 fatty acids, it can promote bone formation and inhibit bone resorption [68].…”

Section: Omega-3 Pufas and The Possible Mechanisms Of Action In Camentioning

confidence: 99%

Protective Effects of Omega-3 Fatty Acids in Cancer-Related Complications

2019

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Omega-3 polyunsaturated fatty acids (PUFAs) are considered immunonutrients and are commonly used in the nutritional therapy of cancer patients due to their ample biological effects. Omega-3 PUFAs play essential roles in cell signaling and in the cell structure and fluidity of membranes. They participate in the resolution of inflammation and have anti-inflammatory and antinociceptive effects. Additionally, they can act as agonists of G protein-coupled receptors, namely, GPR40/FFA1 and GPR120/FFA4. Cancer patients undergo complications, such as anorexia-cachexia syndrome, pain, depression, and paraneoplastic syndromes. Interestingly, the 2017 European Society for Clinical Nutrition and Metabolism (ESPEN) guidelines for cancer patients only discuss the use of omega-3 PUFAs for cancer-cachexia treatment, leaving aside other cancer-related complications that could potentially be managed by omega-3 PUFA supplementation. This critical review aimed to discuss the effects and the possible underlying mechanisms of omega-3 PUFA supplementation in cancer-related complications. Data compilation in this critical review indicates that further investigation is still required to assess the factual benefits of omega-3 PUFA supplementation in cancer-associated illnesses. Nevertheless, preclinical evidence reveals that omega-3 PUFAs and their metabolites might modulate pivotal pathways underlying complications secondary to cancer, indicating that this is a promising field of knowledge to be explored.

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“…The advantage of FO over fish oil is that the food sources are less expensive and are free of heavy metal contamination. In addition, FO has been demonstrated to suppress the production of TNF-α, IL-6 and IL-1β [16,17]. Accumulating studies have shown that FO protects against inflammation [8] and oxidative stress [18] in metabolic disease models.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Dietary flaxseed oil rich in omega-3 suppresses severity of type 2 diabetes mellitus via anti-inflammation and modulating gut microbiota in rats

et al. 2020

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Background: Type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) is closely associated with hyperglycemia, abnormal lipid profiles, chronic low-grade inflammation and gut dysbiosis. Dietary intervention plays a crucial role in the control of diabetes. Flaxseed oil (FO), a plant-derived omega-3 (ω-3) polyunsaturated fatty acids (PUFAs), is rich in α-linolenic acid (ALA) which has been proved to benefit for chronic metabolic disease. However, the exact effects of dietary FO on T2DM remains largely unclear.Methods: In the present study, SD rats were randomly allocated into four groups: pair-fed (PF) with corn oil (CO) group (PF/CO); DM with CO group (DM/CO); PF with FO group (PF/FO); DM with FO group (DM/FO). A diabetic rat model was generated by a single intraperitoneal injection of streptozotocin-nicotinamide (STZ-NA). After 5 weeks of intervention, rats were euthanized and associated indications were investigated.Results: Dietary FO significantly reduced fasting blood glucose (FBG), glycated hemoglobin (GHb), blood lipid, plasma lipopolysaccharide (LPS), interleukin (IL)-1β, tumor necrosis factor (TNF)-α, IL-6, IL-17A and malondialdehyde (MDA), compared to control group, respectively. Moreover, body mass (BM) and superoxide dismutase (SOD) in DM/FO group were dramatically increased respectively, compared with those in DM/CO group. But insulin (INS) and homeostasis model assessment of insulin resistance (HOMA-IR) remained no significant difference between DM/CO group and DM/FO group. Sequencing analysis of gut microbiota showed a reduction in the relative abundance of Firmicutes and Blautia, as well as a reduction in the ratio of Bacteroidetes-Firmicutes in DM/FO group compared to DM/CO group. An elevation in the relative abundance of Bacteroidetes and Alistipes were detected in DM/FO group. Acetic acid, propionic acid and butyric acid belonging to short chain fatty acids (SCFAs) as gut microbiota metabolites, were dramatically increased after FO intervention. Correlation analysis revealed that the relative abundance of Firmicutes and Blautia were positively correlated with IL-1β, TNF-α, IL-6, IL-17A or LPS, respectively. Additionally, Bacteroidetes and Alistipes were negatively correlated with LPS.Conclusions: Taken together, dietary FO ameliorated T2DM via suppressing inflammation and modulating gut microbiota, which may potentially contribute to dietary control of diabetes.

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Unsaturated fatty acids from flaxseed oil and exercise modulate GPR120 but not GPR40 in the liver of obese mice: a new anti-inflammatory approach

Cited by 26 publications

References 49 publications

Anti-Inflammatory Properties of Diet: Role in Healthy Aging

Anti-Inflammatory Properties of Diet: Role in Healthy Aging

Protective Effects of Omega-3 Fatty Acids in Cancer-Related Complications

Dietary flaxseed oil rich in omega-3 suppresses severity of type 2 diabetes mellitus via anti-inflammation and modulating gut microbiota in rats

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