Unraveling the site-specific energy transfer driven tunable emission characteristics of Eu³⁺ & Tb³⁺ co-doped Ca₁₀(PO₄)₆F₂ phosphors

Abstract

Various site specific energy transfer (ET) process such as Tb3+@Ca2 → Eu3+@Ca1, Tb3+@Ca1 → Eu3+@Ca2 and Tb3+@Ca1 → Eu3+@Ca1 were explored in Eu3+ and Tb3+ co-doped Ca10(PO4)6F2 phosphor, which are responsible for tunable colour characteristics.

Optimization of external (in air) particle induced gamma-ray emission (PIGE) methodology for rapid, non-destructive, and simultaneous quantification of fluorine, sodium, and phosphorus in nuclear waste immobilization matrices

“…4). For (5)(6)(7)(8)(9)(10)(11)(12)(13)(14)(15)(16)(17)(18)(19)(20) nA change in proton current, cps ( 181 Ta(p,p ′ g) 181 Ta) varied linearly within a small range (5-60 cps), whereas for N(p,p ′ g) 14 N, cps increases with increasing beam current up to 10 nA, aer which no such signicant variation in cps was observed. This ensured that N 2 from air could be used as effective current normalizer in the external PIGE method with uctuations in proton current from (5-10) nA.…”

“… 4 The substitution of divalent calcium in fluorapatite by different trivalent cations can be explained by Cheralite (or Brabantite) type substitution, where Ca 2+ is substituted by trivalent ions along with monovalent cations for charge compensations. 5 However, during the synthesis of fluorapatite, the fluorine content needs to be fixed. If there is substantial fluorine loss during solid state reaction, the crystallinity of the produced apatite phase may vary largely.…”