Unraveling the reaction mechanism of co-reactant free in-situ cathodic solid state ECL of Ru(bpy)32+ molecule immobilized on Nafion coated nanoporous gold electrode

Flow Injection Analysis-Based Electrochemiluminescence: An Overview of Experimental Design and Its Biosensing Applications

“…LPO ECL has many advantages over high potential operation (HPO) ECL, because at higher oxidation or reduction potentials it will leads to damage in biosensor coatings and biological probes. 21,[38][39][40] Hence, ECL of luminol has more advantages over other organic luminophores. Nanomaterials such as quantum dots (QDs), metal clusters are frequently used as ECL reagents.…”

“…18 So far, three different categories of luminophores have been established such as inorganic metal complexes, organic molecules, and nanomaterials. 1,19,20 The complexes or clusters containing materials like, ruthenium (Ru), 21,22 osmium (Os), 23 copper (Cu), 24 silver (Ag), 25 platinum (Pt), 26 iridium (Ir), 27 gold (Au), 28 and rhenium (Re) comes under inorganic systems. Among these, Ru(bpy) 3 2+ is the most popular and widely used classical luminophore in the majority of the ECL studies.…”

An ultrasensitive cathodic electrochemiluminescence immunoassay for thrombomodulin based on Ru(bpy)32+ encapsulated by MIL-NH2-101(Al) nanocomposites

“…12–16 Among the luminescent groups in the electrochemiluminescence system, Ru(bpy) 3 2+ and its derivatives possess many advantages, such as being electrochemically reversible, with repeatable excitation, high luminescence efficiency, excellent stability and so on. 9,17–21 However, most studies have focused on the Ru(bpy) 3 2+ –TPA system, and little attention is paid to the Ru(bpy) 3 2+ –K 2 S 2 O 8 system. In the Ru(bpy) 3 2+ –TPA anode system, the direct oxidation of tripropyl amine will exhibit a broad irreversible anode peak, and the existence of oxygen evolution may reduce the activity of the working electrode, thus limiting the application of this system to a certain extent.…”

“…Thus far, despite a variety of measurement techniques, including Cr detection method 6 and enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) 7 that have been used to detect thrombomodulin, most methods still need large-scale instruments or tedious manual operation. ECL [8][9][10] is an analytical technique combining the superiorities of electrochemistry and chemiluminescence. It has the advantages of superior sensitivity, fast analysis, practical savings and simple operation.…”

“…[12][13][14][15][16] Among the luminescent groups in the electrochemiluminescence system, Ru(bpy) 3 2+ and its derivatives possess many advantages, such as being electrochemically reversible, with repeatable excitation, high luminescence efficiency, excellent stability and so on. 9,[17][18][19][20][21] However, most studies have focused on the Ru(bpy) 3…”