Unmetabolized Polycyclic Aromatic Hydrocarbons in Urine as Biomarkers of Low Exposure in Asphalt Workers

Campo, Laura; Fustinoni, Silvia; Buratti, M; Cirla, P E; Martinotti, I; Foà, V.

doi:10.1080/15459620701322645

Cited by 25 publications

(23 citation statements)

References 41 publications

Supporting

Mentioning

Contrasting

Order By: Relevance

“…This finding lends indirect support to the conjecture that urinary levels of Nap and Phe reflect the corresponding air levels of these compounds in occupational settings at the time of urine collection. Our results support those from a recent study by Campo et al ,25 which showed that measurements of urinary Nap and Phe in highway construction workers and asphalt workers were highly correlated with personal airborne exposures to these compounds.…”

Section: Resultssupporting

confidence: 92%

“…The ranks of observed Nap and Phe levels are consistent with a priori reports of PAH exposures,14 where coke-oven workers had the highest concentrations (top > side and bottom > steel-factory controls),13 19 followed by asphalt workers (paving > milling),20 21 followed by diesel-exposed workers. We note that the asphalt workers’ Nap and Phe levels in urine are similar to median levels measured by Campo et al in road paving workers and road construction workers 24 25. We also note that the control workers from the Chinese steel-making complex had higher levels of Nap and Phe in their urine than even the asphalt workers, indicating a significant source of background exposure to PAHs in the air of that factory.…”

Section: Resultssupporting

confidence: 85%

See 1 more Smart Citation

Urinary naphthalene and phenanthrene as biomarkers of occupational exposure to polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons

Sobus

Waidyanatha

McClean³

et al. 2008

Occup Environ Med

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Objectives-We investigated the utility of unmetabolized naphthalene (Nap) and phenanthrene (Phe) in urine as surrogates for exposures to mixtures of polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs).Methods-Our study included workers exposed to diesel exhausts (low PAH exposure level, n = 39) as well as those exposed to emissions from asphalt (medium PAH exposure level, n = 26) and coke ovens (high PAH exposure level, n = 28). Levels of Nap and Phe were measured in urine from each subject using head space-solid phase microextraction and gas chromatography-mass spectrometry. Published levels of airborne Nap, Phe, and other PAHs in the coke-producing and aluminum industries were also investigated.Results-In post-shift urine, the highest estimated geometric mean concentrations of Nap and Phe were observed in coke-oven workers (Nap: 2,490 ng/l; Phe: 975 ng/l), followed by asphalt workers (Nap: 71.5 ng/l; Phe: 54.3 ng/l), and by diesel-exposed workers (Nap: 17.7 ng/l; Phe: 3.60 ng/l). After subtracting logged background levels of Nap and Phe from the logged post-shift levels of these PAHs in urine, the resulting values [referred to as ln(adjNap) and ln(adjPhe), respectively] were *Address correspondence to Professor S.M. Rappaport, School of Public Health, University of California, Berkeley, California 94720-7356, U.S.A. Phone: (510) 642-4355; E-mail: srappaport@berkeley.edu. Online First contains unedited articles in manuscript form that have been peer reviewed and accepted for publication but have not yet appeared in the paper journal (edited, typeset versions may be posted when available prior to final publication). Online First articles are citable and establish publication priority; they are indexed by PubMed from initial publication. Citations to Online First articles must include the digital object identifier (DOIs) and date of initial publication.The Corresponding Author has the right to grant on behalf of all authors and does grant on behalf of all authors, an exclusive licence (or non-exclusive for government employees) on a worldwide basis to the BMJ Publishing Group Ltd and its Licensees to permit this article to be published in Occupational and Environmental Medicine editions and any other BMJPGL products to exploit all subsidiary rights, as set out in our licence http://oem.bmjjournals.com/ifora/licence.pdf. COMPETING INTERESTS NIH-PA Author ManuscriptNIH-PA Author Manuscript NIH-PA Author Manuscript significantly correlated in each group of workers (0.71 ≤ Pearson r ≤ 0.89), suggesting a common exposure source in each case. Surprisingly, multiple linear regression analysis of ln(adjNap) on ln (adjPhe) showed no significant effect of the source of exposure (coke ovens, asphalt, and diesel exhaust) and further suggested that the ratio of urinary Nap/Phe (in natural scale) decreased with increasing exposure levels. These results were corroborated with published data for airborne Nap and Phe in the coke-producing and aluminum industries. The published air measurements also indicated that Nap and Phe levels ...

show abstract

Section: Resultssupporting

confidence: 92%

Section: Resultssupporting

confidence: 85%

Urinary naphthalene and phenanthrene as biomarkers of occupational exposure to polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons

Sobus

Waidyanatha

McClean³

et al. 2008

Occup Environ Med

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

show abstract

“…One of the most reliable biological markers for exposure assessment of PAHs is the detection of PAH and their metabolites in urine samples obtained from exposed individuals (2,(30)(31)(32)(33)(34)(35)(36)(37)(38). PAHs, such as pyrene, undergo biological oxidation utilizing microsomal enzymes to yield oxidative products which can either react with DNA or protein, or be further metabolized and subsequently eliminated from the body in the form of more water soluble products, such as glucuronide and sulfate conjugates (39)(40)(41)(42)(43).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Analysis of Polycyclic Aromatic Hydrocarbons in Amniotic Fluid Samples From Smokers and Nonsmokers

Myers

Zamora

Ali

et al. 2008

Polycyclic Aromatic Compounds

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Previous studies from this laboratory have focused on the characterization of blood protein adducts formed in utero as a result of maternal smoking during pregnancy. These biological samples, obtained during the third trimester of pregnancy, at delivery, have clearly shown a correlation between maternal smoking histories and exposure of the fetus to tobacco smoke carcinogens, including 4-aminobiphenyl and benzo(a)pyrene. In the present study, we examined exposure of the fetus during the first trimester of pregnancy to various environmental carcinogens, particularly those found in tobacco smoke. Amniotic fluid samples were obtained from women undergoing routine amniocentesis between 16 and 20 weeks gestational age. Amniotic fluid, produced by the fetal lungs and kidneys, is an important part of pregnancy and fetal development and this fluid surrounds the fetus throughout pregnancy. In these studies, samples of amniotic fluid were obtained from nonsmokers as well as 0.5 pack per day smokers, 1.0 pack per day smokers, and greater than 2.0 pack per day smokers. Maternal smoking status was determined by questionnaire as well as assessment of amniotic fluid for 39 Downloaded by [University of Kent] at 15:01 07 December 2014 40 S. R. Myers et al. cotinine via immunoassay. Amniotic fluid samples were extracted and analyzed for the presence of polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs). A clear correlation was found between levels of maternal smoking and PAHs in the amniotic fluid.Amniotic fluid 1-hydroxypyrene levels ranged from 1.54 ± 0.12 µg/L in nonsmokers to 11.72 ± 0.67 µg/L in women smoking greater than 2 pks/da, indicating approximately a 10X increase over nonsmokers. Similar results were found 3-hydroxybenzo(a)pyrene, 6-hydroxybenzo(a)pyrene, and 3,6-dihydroxybenzo(a)pyrene, metabolites of the carcinogen benzo(a)pyrene as well as with the 9-hydroxy and 9,10-dihydroxy metabolites of anthracene. The 5-hydroxymethyl metabolite of 5-methylchrysene was found to range in concentrations from 1.65 ± 0.11 µg/L in nonsmokers to 12.67 ± 0.79 µg/L in greater than 2 packs per day smokers.These results demonstrate that amniotic fluid can serve as a biological marker of exposure to tobacco related polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons. Identification of potentially harmful compounds detected at an early stage of pregnancy may prevent subsequent exposures to the fetus and as a result decrease the risk of potential genotoxic as well as teratogenic events.

show abstract

“…Metabolites of PAHs with two or three aromatic rings are mainly excreted in urine, while larger PAH metabolites are mainly excreted in faeces 3. A small percentage of PAH intake is excreted as unmetabolised compounds 4 5…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

Urinary polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons and monohydroxy metabolites as biomarkers of exposure in coke oven workers

et al. 2009

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

show abstract

Unmetabolized Polycyclic Aromatic Hydrocarbons in Urine as Biomarkers of Low Exposure in Asphalt Workers

Cited by 25 publications

References 41 publications

Urinary naphthalene and phenanthrene as biomarkers of occupational exposure to polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons

Urinary naphthalene and phenanthrene as biomarkers of occupational exposure to polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons

Analysis of Polycyclic Aromatic Hydrocarbons in Amniotic Fluid Samples From Smokers and Nonsmokers

Urinary polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons and monohydroxy metabolites as biomarkers of exposure in coke oven workers

Contact Info

Product

Resources

About