Universal Scaling of the Figure of Merit of Plasmonic Sensors

Offermans, P.; Schaafsma, Martijn C.; Rodriguez, S. R. K.; Zhang, Y.; Crego‐Calama, Mercedes; Brongersma, Sywert; Rivas, Jaime Gómez

doi:10.1021/nn201227b

Cited by 330 publications

(267 citation statements)

References 32 publications

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“…The increased LDOS and enhanced outcoupling are responsible for this increased emission. It is worth pointing out that having both surface lattice resonances and quasi-guided modes are beneficial for light management techniques not only in the fields of solid state lighting but also for thin films solar cells [46] and sensors [47].…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Hybrid plasmonic-photonic modes in diffractive arrays of nanoparticles coupled to light-emitting optical waveguides

Murai¹,

Verschuuren²,

Lozano³

et al. 2013

Opt. Express

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Hybrid plasmonic-photonic modes in diffractive arrays of nanoparticles coupled to light-emitting optical waveguides

Murai¹,

Verschuuren²,

Lozano³

et al. 2013

Opt. Express

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“…Schatz et al [11,12] have first suggested that these narrow resonances are possible in regular arrays of NPs, while Markel has elaborated the theory [13]. Several experimental verifications have also been provided [14][15][16][17][18][19][20][21][22][23], and considering the very narrow linewidth achievable (few nanometers), results hold promises for many applications in lasing, sensing, and metamaterials [24]. An interesting possibility is to study the coupling between diffractive and plasmon modes in the condition λ RA < λ LSP .…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Angular plasmon response of gold nanoparticles arrays: approaching the Rayleigh limit

et al. 2016

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Abstract:The regular arrangement of metal nanoparticles influences their plasmonic behavior. It has been previously demonstrated that the coupling between diffracted waves and plasmon modes can give rise to extremely narrow plasmon resonances. This is the case when the singleparticle localized surface plasmon resonance (λ LSP ) is very close in value to the Rayleigh anomaly wavelength (λ RA ) of the nanoparticles array. In this paper, we performed angle-resolved extinction measurements on a 2D array of gold nano-cylinders designed to fulfil the condition λ RA < λ LSP . Varying the angle of excitation offers a unique possibility to finely modify the value of λ RA , thus gradually approaching the condition of coupling between diffracted waves and plasmon modes. The experimental observation of a collective dipolar resonance has been interpreted by exploiting a simplified model based on the coupling of evanescent diffracted waves with plasmon modes. Among other plasmon modes, the measurement technique has also evidenced and allowed the study of a vertical plasmon mode, only visible in TM polarization at off-normal excitation incidence. The results of numerical simulations, based on the periodic Green's tensor formalism, match well with the experimental transmission spectra and show fine details that could go unnoticed by considering only experimental data.

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“…In contrast with LSPRs, SLRs possess much higher Q's, and the associated polaritons can propagate over tens of unit cells in the plasmonic crystal [12]. The relevance of SLRs for enhanced, directional, and polarized light emission [11,14] and sensing [15] has been recently demonstrated. Although the coupling of surface modes in periodic metallic structures has attracted much interest [16][17][18][19], especially for its connection with frequency stop gaps [20], coupled SLRs have not yet been discussed.…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

“…We have also calculated the variable-angle extinction spectra of the array in Fig. 1(b) with the coupled dipole model [5][6][7]15], which treats each particle as a radiating dipole and calculates the dipolar interactions of all particles in the array. The results obtained were in significant disagreement with the measurements and the simulations, and we therefore do not show the spectra here.…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

Coupling Bright and Dark Plasmonic Lattice Resonances

et al. 2011

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We demonstrate the coupling of bright and dark surface lattice resonances (SLRs), which are collective Fano resonances in 2D plasmonic crystals. As a result of this coupling, a frequency stop gap in the dispersion relation of SLRs is observed. The different field symmetries of the low-and high-frequency SLR bands lead to pronounced differences in their coupling to free-space radiation. Standing waves of very narrow spectral width compared to localized surface-plasmon resonances are formed at the highfrequency band edge, while subradiant damping onsets at the low-frequency band edge, leading the resonance into darkness. We introduce a coupled-oscillator analog to the plasmonic crystal, which serves to elucidate the physics of the coupled plasmonic resonances and which is used to estimate very high quality factors for SLRs. DOI: 10.1103/PhysRevX.1.021019 Subject Areas: Nanophysics, PlasmonicsMetallic nanoparticles supporting surface-plasmon resonances allow light to be localized in nanoscale volumes, thereby opening exciting possibilities such as nanoscale control of emitters [1], large electromagnetic enhancements [2], and nonlinear nano-optics [3]. Much attention has been given to localized surface-plasmon resonances (LSPRs), which arise in individual particles when their conduction electrons are coherently driven by an electromagnetic field. Although localized surface plasmons in neighbor particles may mutually couple, their resonances are, in general, severely broadened due to strong radiative damping. Hence, LSPRs exhibit low quality factors Q. A recent development in nanoplasmonics deals with collective resonances in periodic arrays of metallic nanostructures, or plasmonic crystals. Such arrays support surface lattice resonances (SLRs), which are collective resonances mediated by diffractive coupling of localized plasmons. This coupling occurs near the critical frequency at which a diffraction order is radiating in the plane of the array, i.e., at the Rayleigh anomaly. SLRs were introduced by Carron [4], and the interest in this phenomenon was revived by Schatz and co-workers with a series of works on 1D and 2D arrays [5,6]. However, the experimental observation of SLRs remained elusive for many years [7]. Recent advances in nanofabrication and in the understanding of SLRs have allowed for their observation in periodic arrays of nanostructures with different geometries [8][9][10][11][12][13]. In contrast with LSPRs, SLRs possess much higher Q's, and the associated polaritons can propagate over tens of unit cells in the plasmonic crystal [12]. The relevance of SLRs for enhanced, directional, and polarized light emission [11,14] and sensing [15] has been recently demonstrated. Although the coupling of surface modes in periodic metallic structures has attracted much interest [16][17][18][19], especially for its connection with frequency stop gaps [20], coupled SLRs have not yet been discussed.In this paper, we demonstrate the mutual coupling of SLRs and the formation of a frequency stop gap in the dispersion ...

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Universal Scaling of the Figure of Merit of Plasmonic Sensors

Cited by 330 publications

References 32 publications

Hybrid plasmonic-photonic modes in diffractive arrays of nanoparticles coupled to light-emitting optical waveguides

Hybrid plasmonic-photonic modes in diffractive arrays of nanoparticles coupled to light-emitting optical waveguides

Angular plasmon response of gold nanoparticles arrays: approaching the Rayleigh limit

Coupling Bright and Dark Plasmonic Lattice Resonances

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