Universal multimode waveguide crossing based on transformation optics

Li, Shuyi; Zhou, Yangyang; Dong, Jianji; Zhang, Chi; Cassan, Éric; Hou, Jing; Yang, Chao; Chen, Shaoping; Gao, Dingshan; Chen, Huanyang

doi:10.1364/optica.5.001549

Cited by 99 publications

(70 citation statements)

References 48 publications

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“…Multimode waveguide crossings are the essential components in high-density and large-scale on-chip MDM optical network. Over the past decades, many schemes have been proposed and experimentally demonstrated including conventional MMI coupler [33][34][35], Maxwell's fisheye lens [36][37][38] and inverse-designed MMI coupler [39]. The demonstrated devices with the high performance of compact footprint, low insertion loss and low crosstalk will show great potential in practical applications for high-density and large-scale MDM systems.…”

Section: Multimode Waveguide Crossingmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The proposed [36]. (b) Multimode waveguide crossing using transformation optics-based Maxwell's fisheye lens [37]. (c) Multimode waveguide crossing using metamaterial-based Maxwell's fisheye lens [38].…”

Section: Multimode Waveguide Crossing Based Conventional MMI Couplersmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Transformation optics offers a new route to manipulate light propagation via spatial coordinate transformations to design and realize many marvellous optical devices, including hyperlenses [44,45], optical invisibility cloaks [46,47] and on-chip integrated optical devices [48][49][50]. Recently, the Maxwell's fisheye lens (MFL) based on transformation optics (TO) designing has attracted a considerable attention to design on-chip integrated single-mode or multimode waveguide crossings [36][37][38]51]. Maxwell's fisheye lens is a cylindrical or spherical lens with a gradient index (GRIN) profile, which could focus rays emanating from a point on the boundary of the lens to a conjugate point of the diagonally opposite side.…”

Section: Multimode Waveguide Crossing Based Maxwell's Fisheye Lensmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Recently, to resolve the issue of fabrication complexity of the GRIN structures, several schemes based on Maxwell's fisheye lens have been reported and experimentally demonstrated. One approach is that the gray-scale electron-beam lithography is employed to fabricate GRIN device on a commercial silicon-on-insulator wafer with a 220 nm thick top silicon layer [37]. In principle, the universal multimode waveguide crossing using transformation optics-based Maxwell's fisheye lens can manipulate any number of waveguide modes and support any number of crossing channels.…”

Section: Multimode Waveguide Crossing Based Maxwell's Fisheye Lensmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Silicon-based multimode waveguide crossings

Chang

Zhang

2020

J. Phys. Photonics

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Mode multiplexing technique is a new promising option to increase the transmission capacity of on-chip optical interconnects. Multimode waveguide crossings are the key building blocks in high-density and large-scale mode division multiplexing silicon photonic integrated circuits. In this paper, we review the recent progresses on silicon-based multimode waveguide crossings. Firstly, a variety of multimode waveguide crossing schemes are demonstrated and introduced including conventional multimode interference coupler, Maxwell's fisheye lens and inverse-designed multimode interference coupler. Secondly, we also discuss some emerging applications of the inverse design algorithm in the multimode silicon devices to realize ultracompact footprint and multiple functionalities. Finally, we also give the outlook of the development prospects of on-chip multimode waveguide crossings.

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Section: Multimode Waveguide Crossingmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Multimode Waveguide Crossing Based Conventional MMI Couplersmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Multimode Waveguide Crossing Based Maxwell's Fisheye Lensmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Multimode Waveguide Crossing Based Maxwell's Fisheye Lensmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Silicon-based multimode waveguide crossings

Chang

Zhang

2020

J. Phys. Photonics

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“…The conformal Schwarz-Christoffel mapping was also employed to create a MFE with relatively big rectangular shape and a prototype of the lens was implemented with fractal metamaterials [121]. Recently, a semi-analytical conformal method was proposed to produce a universal waveguide crossing with flat output ports that was fabricated using EBL [122]. The circular MFE was transformed conformally to a square via a closed-from formula, demonstrating its performance in both ray and wave optics [123].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Elliptical generalized Maxwell fish-eye lens using conformal mapping

et al. 2019

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A circular graded index lens is conformally transformed to an elliptical shape using a closed-form transformation. The proposed transformation is then employed to compress a Maxwell fish-eye and its generalized version. Since the transformation is conformal, the electromagnetic properties of the device are perfectly preserved after the transformation with fully isotropic and dielectriconly materials. Ray-tracing and full-wave simulations are carried out for several cases to verify the functionality of the optically transformed lenses in geometrical optics and wave optics regimes.

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Materials Science at Xiamen University: A Special Issue Dedicated to the 100th Anniversary of Xiamen University

Hou

Ren

2021

Advanced Materials

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In cardiac Magnetic Resonance Imaging (MRI) analysis, T2 mapping is a tissue quantification technology to measure water and inflammation levels and has been recognized as an important versatile index for myocardial pathologies. The T2 quantification is a highly relevant task with the myocardial segmentation but they only have been explored separately in deep learning. Here, we proposed a simultaneous dual-task network for myocardial segmentation and T2 quantification, called SQNet. It integrates Transformer and Convolutional Neural Network (CNN) components. SQNet has a T2-refine fusion decoder for quantitative analysis, incorporating global features extracted by the Transformer, and employs a segmentation decoder with multiple local region supervision to enhance segmentation accuracy. Additionally, SQNet proposes a tight coupling module that aligns and fuses CNN and Transformer branch features. The mutual promotion of the two tasks enables the SQNet to focus on the myocardium regions. The dual-task performance is validated on healthy controls (HC, N=17) and acute myocardial infarction patients (AMI, N=12). The segmentation dice of SQNet on HC/AMI is 89.3/89.2, which is higher than that (87.7/87.9) of the compared state-of-the-art segmentation method. The Pearson correlation coefficient of the T2 value on HC/AMI is 0.84 and 0.93 to the label value, indicating a strong linear correlation in myocardial T2 mapping. From the clinical diagnostic perspective, eight experienced radiologists have evaluated the image quality (Score standard: Good is 4.0 and excellent is 5.0) of SQNet on HC/AMI with the segmentation score 4.60/4.58 and the T2 quantification score 4.32/4.42, which is higher than the compared state-of-the-art segmentation score (4.50/4.44) and the T2 quantification score (3.59/4.37). Thus, SQNet provides an accurate simultaneous segmentation and quantification, providing the more accurate diagnosis of cardiac disease, such as AMI.

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Universal multimode waveguide crossing based on transformation optics

Cited by 99 publications

References 48 publications

Silicon-based multimode waveguide crossings

Silicon-based multimode waveguide crossings

Elliptical generalized Maxwell fish-eye lens using conformal mapping

Materials Science at Xiamen University: A Special Issue Dedicated to the 100th Anniversary of Xiamen University

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