Uni-planar MIMO Antenna for Sub-6 GHz 5G Mobile Phone Applications

Abstract

This article is an open access article distributed under the terms and conditions of the Creative Commons Attribution (CC BY) license (https:// creativecommons.org/licenses/by/ 4.0/).

Closely arranged self‐decoupled MIMO antenna group using orthogonal mode and pattern diversity for 5G mobile terminals

“…To emphasize the advantages of the proposed selfdecoupling method, the work in this article is compared with other published self-decoupling works, as given in Table 2. In design, 16,17 the miniaturized antenna elements are designed to increase the element spacing, and finally the electromagnetic coupling between the antenna elements is weakened. However, the miniaturized design of antenna elements is complex, and it is difficult to achieve high isolation by increasing the element spacing in a limited design space.…”

“…To avoid the use of additional decoupling structures, some scholars have miniaturized the antenna elements to increase the element spacing, and finally the electromagnetic coupling between the antenna elements is weakened. 16,17 However, the miniaturized design of antenna elements is complex, and it is difficult to achieve high isolation by increasing the element spacing in a limited design space. In addition, other methods without additional decoupling structure to achieve high isolation of multi-antenna are proposed, such as asymmetrically mirrored structure, 18 couplings cancelation.…”

“…However, the decoupling structure requires additional design space and affects antenna radiation performance, which is not the first choice for mobile terminals. To avoid the use of additional decoupling structures, some scholars have miniaturized the antenna elements to increase the element spacing, and finally the electromagnetic coupling between the antenna elements is weakened 16,17 . However, the miniaturized design of antenna elements is complex, and it is difficult to achieve high isolation by increasing the element spacing in a limited design space.…”

A Π-shaped slotted patch antenna with a partial ground structure for lower 5G/WiFi/WiMAX applications

“… Parameter Reference No. This work [ 8 ] [ 9 ] [ 13 ] [ 14 ] [ 16 ] [ 17 ] [ 18 ] [ 19 ] [ 20 ] [ 21 ] Size (L×W×h) mm 3 30 × 20×1.5 36 × 16 × 1.6 31 × 36×0.8 22 × 24×0.25 44 × 40×1.6 45 × 44.92 × 1.6 35.5 × 40.1 × 1.6 76 × 42 × 1.6 150 × 75× 1.6 36 × 24×1.5875 35 × 31×0.79 Substrate material FR4 FR4 FR4 Rogers RT 5880 LZ FR4 FR4 FR4 FR4 FR4 FR4 Rogers RT 5880 Operating frequency range (GHz) 3.15–5.55 3.3–4.00 3.29–3.63, 4.3–5.2 2.9–4.4 2.62–5.2 3–5.48 2.8–4.6 1.341–3.834 3.21–3.81 3.36–3.715 2.87–5.47 Centre frequency 4.80 3.65 3.3, 4.5 3.6 3.2, 4.8 4.2 3.008 1.6, 3.8 3.5 3.5 3.47 Reflection coefficient (dB) ≈ -32 ≈ -31.15 ≈ -21, ≈ -22 -28.76 ≈ -41, ≈ -47 ≈ -28, -27 -41.35 ≈ -23 ≈ -34 >-10 ≈-55 -36.81 Gain (dB) at centre frequency …”

Broadband sub‐6 GHz flower‐shaped MIMO antenna with high isolation using theory of characteristic mode analysis (TCMA) for 5G NR bands and WLAN applications

“…[31][32][33][34][35][36][37][38] In recent years, many researchers have designed and suggested different MIMO antenna designs for different applications including UWB, sub-6 GHz, and mm-wave 5G systems. [39][40][41][42][43][44][45][46][47][48][49][50] Other than MIMO antennas, researchers have designed and reported many other configurations of fifth generation (5G) printed antennas for next generation communication applications. [51][52][53][54][55][56][57][58][59][60] This paper includes design and detailed report of a two-element monopole MIMO radiator using theory related to characteristic mode analysis.…”