Unexplored Amazonian diversity: rare and phylogenetically enigmatic tree species are newly collected

Cardoso, Domingos; Carvalho-Sobrinho, Jefferson Guedes de; Zartman, Charles E.; Komura, Dirce Leimi; Queiroz, Luciano Paganucci de

doi:10.13102/neod.81.4

Cited by 9 publications

(4 citation statements)

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“…florally mega rich Amazon Basin (Hopkins 2007;Cardoso et al 2015aCardoso et al , 2017. For example, in addition to being an Amazonian endemic genus, two out of the three known species, Monopteryx angustifolia Spruce ex Benth.…”

Section: Systematic Botany 448mentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Monopteryx was first collected by Richard Spruce (1817–1893), when botanizing throughout the Amazon (Urban 1906; Field 1996; Carvalho et al 2020), but the generic name was only formalized and described in the Flora Brasiliensis (Bentham 1862). Since then, relatively few collections of this genus have been deposited in herbaria, most likely because of its general rarity, the difficulty in collecting big trees, and the expansiveness of the florally mega rich Amazon Basin (Hopkins 2007; Cardoso et al 2015a, 2017). For example, in addition to being an Amazonian endemic genus, two out of the three known species, Monopteryx angustifolia Spruce ex Benth.…”

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confidence: 99%

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A Taxonomic Revision of Monopteryx (Leguminosae): a Florally Divergent and Ancient Papilionoid Genus of Large Amazonian Trees

Carvalho,

de Lima,

Zartman

et al. 2023

Systematic Botany

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Abstract— Monopteryx is a florally divergent genus of Dipterygeae, an early-branching papilionoid legume clade largely marked by winged papilionate floral architecture, expanded upper calyx lobes often assuming a wing-shaped orientation, and petals differentiated into standard, wings, and a keel enclosing the basally connate stamens. In contrast to the remaining Dipterygeae genera, Monopteryx has differentiated petals but the marginally coherent keel with interlaced trichomes exposes the free stamens and the expanded upper calyx lobes are nearly entirely fused with a standard-like dorsal orientation. Monopteryx species are restricted to the Amazonian rainforests, where they have diversified since the last ∼15 Ma, but the divergence of the genus is estimated to be as old as ∼39 Ma. They grow as large buttressed trees usually with a uniquely “flying” architecture, which are arched from the trunk to the ground and separated from one another, unlike that found in any other species of leguminaceous trees. Its fruits are elastically dehiscent pods and in some species they bear marginally crimped wings along the sutures. Our taxonomic revision of this ecologically and evolutionarily important, ancient genus includes an analysis of about 135 specimens from across 14 herbaria, including both type and historical collections, as well as recently collected samples from our extensive fieldwork across remote areas of the Amazon. Grounded on a densely-sampled dated molecular phylogeny of nuclear and plastid data, here we recognize three phylogenetically and morphologically distinct taxa: M. angustifolia, M. inpae, and M. uaucu. After a careful revision of their nomenclatural history, we also found that M. inpae was not validly published. We subsequently have provided typification of all names associated with species of the genus. This revision also includes morphological descriptions, illustrations, and distribution maps for all species. We also discuss the phylogenetic relationships between the species and the evolution of selected taxonomically key morphological characters in the context of the entire Diptergyeae clade.

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Section: Systematic Botany 448mentioning

confidence: 99%

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confidence: 99%

A Taxonomic Revision of Monopteryx (Leguminosae): a Florally Divergent and Ancient Papilionoid Genus of Large Amazonian Trees

Carvalho,

de Lima,

Zartman

et al. 2023

Systematic Botany

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“…Alonso, Gyranthera caribensis Pittier, and Neobuchia paulinae Urb. are endemic to Australia, Brazil, Venezuela, Panama, Colombia, Venezuela, and Haiti, respectively [ 4 , 8 , 24 , 28 , 29 , 30 ].…”

Section: Habitat Distribution and Characteristics Of The Subfamily Bombacoideaementioning

confidence: 99%

Systematics, Phytochemistry, Biological Activities and Health Promoting Effects of the Plants from the Subfamily Bombacoideae (Family Malvaceae)

Das

Shin

Ningthoujam³

et al. 2021

Plants

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Plants belonging to the subfamily Bombacoideae (family Malvaceae) consist of about 304 species, many of them having high economical and medicinal properties. In the past, this plant group was put under Bombacaceae; however, modern molecular and phytochemical findings supported the group as a subfamily of Malvaceae. A detailed search on the number of publications related to the Bombacoideae subfamily was carried out in databases like PubMed and Science Direct using various keywords. Most of the plants in the group are perennial tall trees usually with swollen tree trunks, brightly colored flowers, and large branches. Various plant parts ranging from leaves to seeds to stems of several species are also used as food and fibers in many countries. Members of Bombacoides are used as ornamentals and economic utilities, various plants are used in traditional medication systems for their anti-inflammatory, astringent, stimulant, antipyretic, microbial, analgesic, and diuretic effects. Several phytochemicals, both polar and non-polar compounds, have been detected in this plant group supporting evidence of their medicinal and nutritional uses. The present review provides comprehensive taxonomic, ethno-pharmacological, economic, food and phytochemical properties of the subfamily Bombacoideae.

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“…( Bayer et al., 1999 ; Hernández-Gutiérrez & Magallón, 2019 ). Thus, Christiana mennegae is another rare, phylogenetically enigmatic and poorly understood tree species from the Amazon ( Cardoso et al, 2015 ). During fieldwork linked to a project to study the natural capital of the Amazon forest in the region of Carajás, our attention was drawn to the existence of an unidentified malvaceous tree by DS, one of the authors of this paper, at the Parque Zoobotânico in the Floresta Nacional de Carajás (FLONA Carajás) that turned out to be C. mennegae .…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Preliminary placement and new records of an overlooked Amazonian tree, Christiana mennegae (Malvaceae)

Barbosa-Silva

Coutinho

Vasconcelos

et al. 2021

PeerJ

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Christiana mennegae is a phylogenetically enigmatic taxon and represents a case in point of a species whose presence escaped the radar of the Amazon lists and the Brazilian Flora project. Here we expand its distribution by adding new records from Peru and overlooked ones from Brazil. To investigate its phylogenetic placement in the Brownlowioideae, part of the rbcL gene of the plastid and the intergenic ITS2 region were sequenced. Macro- and micro-morphological investigation of features of C. mennegae using SEM of foliar, flower, fruit and seed structures are presented. A lectotype for the name is designated here. The morphology of trichomes revealed five types of trichomes ranging from glandular to branched and unbranched and we also report stomata on the seed surface for the first time in Brownlowioideae. Christiana mennegae and C. africana were recovered as sister species in the phylogenetic analysis, albeit with low to moderate support, and more species of this and closely related genera must be sampled and analyzed in order to obtain a clearer picture of the group’s affinities and relationships. We provide an update of its conservation status from Vulnerable to Least Concern. We also highlight the need for investment in the digitization of biological collections, botanical capacity building at the local level and the importance of the availability of online literature to speed the study of Amazonian plant diversity.

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Unexplored Amazonian diversity: rare and phylogenetically enigmatic tree species are newly collected

Cited by 9 publications

References 0 publications

A Taxonomic Revision of Monopteryx (Leguminosae): a Florally Divergent and Ancient Papilionoid Genus of Large Amazonian Trees

A Taxonomic Revision of Monopteryx (Leguminosae): a Florally Divergent and Ancient Papilionoid Genus of Large Amazonian Trees

Systematics, Phytochemistry, Biological Activities and Health Promoting Effects of the Plants from the Subfamily Bombacoideae (Family Malvaceae)

Preliminary placement and new records of an overlooked Amazonian tree, Christiana mennegae (Malvaceae)

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