Unexpected tumor reduction in metastatic colorectal cancer patients during SARS-Cov-2 infection

Ottaiano, Alessandro; Scala, Stefania; D’Alterio, Crescenzo; Trotta, Annamaria; Bello, Anna Maria; Rea, Giuseppina; Picone, Carmine; Santorsola, Mariachiara; Petrillo, Antonella; Nasti, Guglielmo

doi:10.1177/17588359211011455

Cited by 24 publications

(28 citation statements)

References 11 publications

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“…Despite the preliminary clues pointing towards the role of the virus in promoting tumor progression described here, rare instances of tumor burden reduction in three patients with colorectal cancer and disease remission in a patient with Hodgkin lymphoma following COVID-19 infection have been reported in the literature [67,68]. Although the over-exuberant immune response instigated by SARS-CoV-2 attacking the tumor cells could have led to this phenomenon [69], the complex role of autophagy in cancer (acting as a double-edged sword) should not be underestimated in interpreting these exceptional cases.…”

Section: Implications For Cancer Treatmentmentioning

confidence: 80%

Autophagy: The Potential Link between SARS-CoV-2 and Cancer

Habibzadeh

Dastsooz

Eshraghi

et al. 2021

Cancers

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COVID-19 infection survivors suffer from a constellation of symptoms referred to as post-acute COVID-19 syndrome. However, in the wake of recent evidence highlighting the long-term persistence of SARS-CoV-2 antigens in tissues and emerging information regarding the interaction between SARS-CoV-2 proteins and various components of the host cell macroautophagy/autophagy machinery, the unforeseen long-term consequences of this infection, such as increased risk of malignancies, should be explored. Although SARS-CoV-2 is not considered an oncogenic virus, the possibility of increased risk of cancer among COVID-19 survivors cannot be ruled out. Herein, we provide an overview of the possible mechanisms leading to cancer development, particularly obesity-related cancers (e.g., colorectal cancer), resulting from defects in autophagy and the blockade of the autophagic flux, and also immune escape in COVID-19 survivors. We also highlight the potential long-term implications of COVID-19 infection in the prognosis of patients with cancer and their response to different cancer treatments. Finally, we consider future directions for further investigations on this matter.

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Section: Implications For Cancer Treatmentmentioning

confidence: 80%

Autophagy: The Potential Link between SARS-CoV-2 and Cancer

Habibzadeh

Dastsooz

Eshraghi

et al. 2021

Cancers

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“…Pasin F et al reported, in a 20-year-old patient, the transient remission of refractory NK/T-cell lymphoma during COVID-19 infection, suggesting that SARS-CoV-2 may have an oncolytic effect [25]. Other authors report similar cases of the favorable evolution of hematological cancers or solid tumors during SARS-CoV-2 infection, but the number of such reports is very low, and no conclusion can be drawn [26,27].…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

A Rare Case of Plasmablastic Lymphoma in a Patient with HIV and SARS-CoV-2 Infections

et al. 2022

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Lesions commonly associated with HIV infection include oral candidiasis, herpes simplex infection, oral Kaposi’s sarcoma, hairy leukoplakia, periodontal diseases (linear gingival erythema and necrotizing ulcerative periodontitis), xerostomia, human papillomavirus-associated warts, aphthous ulcers, non-Hodgkin’s lymphoma, histoplasmosis, carcinoma, exfoliative cheilitis, and HIV salivary gland disease. Non-Hodgkin’s lymphoma (NHL) is the most common cancer in people living with HIV (PLWH), and the incidence is increased for aggressive B-cell NHL. Plasmablastic lymphoma (PbL) is a rare and aggressive B-cell malignancy that is often unresponsive to chemotherapy and usually has a poor prognosis. We hereby present the case of a patient with a recent history of COVID-19 infection who was diagnosed with HIV and NHL, with manifestations in the oral cavity and a favorable evolution after the introduction of antiviral therapy, specific chemotherapy, and radiotherapy. Dental expertise is necessary for the appropriate management of oral manifestations of HIV infection or AIDS, and lymphoma should be included in the differential diagnosis of any oral lesions.

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“…Ottaiano et al [ 32 ] reported that (a) the tumor burden of three patients with metastatic colon cancer decreased unexpectedly following 2019-nCoV infection, (b) one patient with liver metastasis showed complete remission on CT scan 1 month after 2019-nCoV infection, and (c) two other patients infected with 2019-nCoV showed an unexpected decrease in their metastases one to three months later. These studies showed that 2019-nCoV has an inhibitory effect on colon cancer, and ORF3a may be the key responsible factor, which is consistent with our results.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Open Reading Frame-3a gene of the 2019 novel coronavirus inhibits the occurrence and development of colorectal cancer

Han

Mao

et al. 2022

Discov Onc

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Intestinal microecology is composed of bacteria, fungi and viruses. As a part of intestinal microecology, viruses participate in the occurrence and development of colorectal cancer. The 2019-nCoV was detected in stool samples from patients during COVID-19, suggesting that the 2019-nCoV may be associated with intestinal microecology. However, the relationship of the 2019-nCoV and CRC is unclear. The aim of this study is to explore the role of Open Reading Frame-3a (ORF3a) of the 2019-nCoV in CRC. After the pCDH-CMV-MCS-EF1-Puro vector that provides high expression of ORF3a was transfected into the SW480 CRC cell line, immunofluorescence was used to determine the localization of ORF3a in SW480 cells. The proliferation, migration, invasion, apoptosis, and cell cycle progression of SW480 cells were measured using the Cell Counting Kit-8 (CCK-8), wound healing, Transwell assay, flow cytometry, the TUNEL assay, and propidium iodide single staining. The results showed that ORF3a inhibited the proliferation, invasion, and migration of SW480 cells and induced their apoptosis after 24, 48, 72 h. Meanwhile, ORF3a inhibited the cell cycle and blocked SW480 CRC cells in the G1 phase. In in vivo experiments, high ORF3a expression was associated with decreased tumor volume, tumor weight, relative tumor volume, and tumor activity. ORF3a inhibited the growth and induced apoptosis and necrosis of tumor tissues. Based on this, we demonstrated that ORF3a might play a role in CRC, providing a new direction for the prevention and treatment of CRC.

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Unexpected tumor reduction in metastatic colorectal cancer patients during SARS-Cov-2 infection

Cited by 24 publications

References 11 publications

Autophagy: The Potential Link between SARS-CoV-2 and Cancer

Autophagy: The Potential Link between SARS-CoV-2 and Cancer

A Rare Case of Plasmablastic Lymphoma in a Patient with HIV and SARS-CoV-2 Infections

Open Reading Frame-3a gene of the 2019 novel coronavirus inhibits the occurrence and development of colorectal cancer

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