Unexpected coseismic surface uplift at Tirúa-Mocha Island area of  south Chile before and during the Mw 8.8 Maule 2010 earthquake:  a possible upper plate splay fault

Quezada, Jorge; Castillo, Edilia Jaque; Catalán, Natalia; Belmonte, Aniceto; Fernández, Alfonso; Isla, Federico Ignacio

doi:10.5027/andgeov47n2-3057

Cited by 8 publications

(9 citation statements)

References 50 publications

(108 reference statements)

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“…When finally, Maule earthquake filled this gap, several anomalies that are not expected occurred. The Mw = 8.8 magnitude was bigger than the Mw = 8.5 predicted [1,2], overlapping rupture zones of recent earthquakes [3,5]. In the north, the 1985 Central Chile Mw = 8 earthquake ruptured also the zone between 33 and 34°S.…”

Section: Maule Earthquakementioning

confidence: 84%

“…This seismic gap is characterized by a lack of coastal seismicity in this area (Campos et al [1]. About vertical changes, an interseismic subsidence is noted, mainly in littoral zones located close to the trench such as Arauco Peninsula and Santa María Island between 37 and 37.7°S [5,21]. When finally, Maule earthquake filled this gap, several anomalies that are not expected occurred.…”

Section: Maule Earthquakementioning

confidence: 94%

“…The place of Lebu (37.6°S) was uplifted 1.2 m during 1960 earthquake, such uplift was recovered between 1960 and 2010 earthquakes and after Maule earthquake, was uplifted again 2 meters. Mocha island (38.3°S) was uplifted 1.5 m during 1960 earthquake, but unlike Arauco Peninsula and Santa María Island (37-37.7°S), the 1960 coseismic uplift remained [5].…”

Section: Maule Earthquakementioning

confidence: 99%

“…Subduction earthquakes of thrust focal mechanism included the biggest ever recorder, the Mw = 9.5 Valdivia earthquake that occurred on May 22, 1960 and the sixth, the February 27, 2010 Mw = 8.8 Maule earthquake. In a same segment of the subduction zone, Mw = 8 earthquakes occurred every 100 years and an Mw = 9 earthquake every 300 years or more [1][2][3][4][5][6][7][8][9]. Figure 1 shows some of the main subduction earthquakes and rupture lengths that occurred in central and south Chile, divided in Central Chile, Concepción, and Valdivia segments.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…However, crustal faults can also generate significant earthquakes or being activated or reactivated during significant subduction earthquakes. The 2010 Maule earthquake activated two crustal faults: the Pichilemu fault of normal mechanism [19][20][21], the normal Santa Maria fault [22,23], and the Tirúa-Mocha fault of thrust mechanism [5]. In this paper, we assess the seismic potential of such faults.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Crustal Faults Reactivated during 2010 Mw = 8.8 Maule Earthquake in South Chile

Quezada¹,

Belmonte²

2023

Natural Hazards - New Insights

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On February 27th 2010 occurred the Mw = 8.8 Maule subduction earthquake, filling a seismic gap of south Chile. The uplift trend is mostly typical for subduction earthquakes with decreasing uplift trend from trench to arc in Andes Cordillera. However local perturbations occurred due to the reactivations of crustal faults occurred such as Pichilemu fault (normal), Santa María fault (normal) and Tirua-Mocha fault (reverse). Different kind of faults and seismic behavior evidence complex stress distribution at the overriding South American Plate. In this paper, the activity and seismicity linked of some crustal faults at Maule earthquake rupture área are considered, and the related seismic potential that can increase the seismic hazard. Some questions are the bigger magnitude that can generate these faults and if their activity is related to the interseismic or coseismic phases of the subduction seismic cycle.

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Section: Maule Earthquakementioning

confidence: 84%

Section: Maule Earthquakementioning

confidence: 94%

Section: Maule Earthquakementioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

See 3 more Smart Citations

Crustal Faults Reactivated during 2010 Mw = 8.8 Maule Earthquake in South Chile

Quezada¹,

Belmonte²

2023

Natural Hazards - New Insights

Self Cite

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Holocene marine terraces as recorders of earthquake uplift: Insights from a rocky coast in southern Hawke's Bay, New Zealand

Litchfield

Morgenstern

Clark

et al. 2022

Earth Surf Processes Landf

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On rocky tectonic coasts, data from Holocene marine terraces may constrain the timing of coseismic uplift and help identify the causative faults. Challenges in marine terrace investigations include: (1) identifying the uplift datums; (2) obtaining ages that tightly constrain the timing of uplift; (3) distinguishing tsunami deposits from beach deposits on terraces; and (4) identifying missing terraces and hence earthquakes. We address some of these challenges through comparing modern beach sediments and radiocarbon ages with those from a trench excavated across three terraces at Aramoana, central Hikurangi Subduction Margin, New Zealand. Sedimentary analyses identified beach and dune deposits on terraces but could not differentiate specific environments within them. Modern beach shells yielded modern radiocarbon ages, regardless of position or species, showing age inheritance and habitat is likely not an issue when dating shells on these terraces. By integrating terrace mapping, stratigraphy, morphology, and radiocarbon ages we develop a conceptual model of coastal uplift and terrace formation following at least two, possibly three, earthquakes at 5490-5070, 2620-2180, and 950-650 cal. yr BP. A high step and time gap between the upper two terraces raises the possibility that at least one intervening terrace is completely eroded. The trench exposure also showed that terrace stratigraphy may differ from that inferred from surface geomorphology, with apparent beach ridges being of composite origin and draping of younger beach deposits on the outer edge of a previous terrace. Dislocation modelling and comparison of marine terrace and earthquake ages from $4 km south and ≤ 73 km north confirms that the most likely earthquake source is the nearshore, landward-dipping, Kairakau Fault. Alternative sources, such as multi-fault ruptures of the Kairakau-Waim arama faults or Hikurangi subduction earthquakes, and/or a combination of the two are also possible and should be examined in future studies.

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The Palgrave Handbook of Climate Resilient Societies

Leal¹,

Castillo²

2020

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Unexpected coseismic surface uplift at Tirúa-Mocha Island area of south Chile before and during the Mw 8.8 Maule 2010 earthquake: a possible upper plate splay fault

Cited by 8 publications

References 50 publications

Crustal Faults Reactivated during 2010 Mw = 8.8 Maule Earthquake in South Chile

Crustal Faults Reactivated during 2010 Mw = 8.8 Maule Earthquake in South Chile

Holocene marine terraces as recorders of earthquake uplift: Insights from a rocky coast in southern Hawke's Bay, New Zealand

The Palgrave Handbook of Climate Resilient Societies

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