Uneven inclusion: consequences of universal healthcare in Thailand

Harris, Joseph

doi:10.1080/13621025.2013.764220

Cited by 31 publications

(17 citation statements)

References 12 publications

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“…This study also highlights challenges faced by most nation states in the modern world—how a country defines ‘social rights’ (including health) for its non-citizens. Harris defined the eligibility to be insured by the HICS amongst undocumented migrants as ‘conditional rights’ [37]. He also argued that Thailand’s extension of insurance coverage for migrants was an example of how a state made judgements with respect to health-related social rights not so much on the basis of nationality or universal personhood alone, but also in conjunction with many other factors, including work status, state security and healthcare costs [37].…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

The Devil Is in the Detail—Understanding Divergence between Intention and Implementation of Health Policy for Undocumented Migrants in Thailand

Suphanchaimat

Pudpong

Prakongsai

et al. 2019

IJERPH

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Migrants’ access to healthcare has attracted attention from policy makers in Thailand for many years. The most relevant policies have been (i) the Health Insurance Card Scheme (HICS) and (ii) the One Stop Service (OSS) registration measure, targeting undocumented migrants from neighbouring countries. This study sought to examine gaps and dissonance between de jure policy intention and de facto implementation through qualitative methods. In-depth interviews with policy makers and local implementers and document reviews of migrant-related laws and regulations were undertaken. Framework analysis with inductive and deductive coding was undertaken. Ranong province was chosen as the study area as it had the largest proportion of migrants. Though the government required undocumented migrants to buy the insurance card and undertake nationality verification (NV) through the OSS, in reality a large number of migrants were left uninsured and the NV made limited progress. Unclear policy messages, bureaucratic hurdles, and inadequate inter-ministerial coordination were key challenges. Some frontline implementers adapted the policies to cope with their routine problems resulting in divergence from the initial policy objectives. The study highlighted that though Thailand has been recognized for its success in expanding insurance coverage to undocumented migrants, there were still unsolved operational challenges. To tackle these, in the short term the government should resolve policy ambiguities and promote inter-ministerial coordination. In the long-term the government should explore the feasibility of facilitating lawful cross-border travel and streamlining health system functions between Thailand and its neighbours.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

The Devil Is in the Detail—Understanding Divergence between Intention and Implementation of Health Policy for Undocumented Migrants in Thailand

Suphanchaimat

Pudpong

Prakongsai

et al. 2019

IJERPH

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“…Traditional literature tended to assume that statelessness is an unusual, exceptional situation experienced by a specific mobile population, such as refugees who are unwillingly dropped in limbo in terms of legitimate systems of nation‐states (Boyden & Hart, , p. 238; Veikou, ). In contrast, recent researchers such as Harris have suggested that the stateless should no longer be treated as “exceptions” but rather as the inevitable by‐products of liberal democratic societies (Harris, , p. 112). Lebuhn pointed out that the old lines of territorial demarcation are being transformed into new border zones and spaces that overlay the social spaces of everyday life (Lebuhn, , p. 38).…”

Section: Legal Discrimination: Intersections Between the National Citmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…As discussed above, recent studies have challenged traditional binary approaches to citizenship (Harris, , p. 113), and in doing so, have illuminated the importance of transcending the binary inclusion–exclusion dichotomy (Fein & Starughn, , p. 691; Harris, , p. 112; Mezzadra & Neilson, , p. 62). As scholars such as Choo note, the borders of citizenship have never been static; citizenship is not fixed in law and policy, but is rather permeable and negotiable in particular local contexts among specific actors (Choo, , p. 7).…”

Section: Cultural Discrimination: Intersection Between Citizenship Rementioning

confidence: 99%

Transnational regimes of labor and statelessness: Intersections of citizenship regimes and local norms in East and Southeast Asia

Ishii

2020

Sociology Compass

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This article offers a review of the literature on transnational labor regimes and statelessness to pursue further theorization from East and Southeast Asian contexts. The main focus is on how local norms (local sense of belonging, local moral code, and local hierarchies) are entangled with national-level citizenship regimes to legitimate the discrimination of certain people to be statelessness and secure lowwage migrant workers for the new global labor regime. First, traditional literature on citizenship and statelessness was reviewed; binary theoretical frameworks (including citizens/ excluding non-citizens) based on political recognition were indicated as the main limitations. Second, recent theories arguing for an intersection between national citizenship regimes and a new global labor regime were reviewed. Third, recent theories that illuminate the importance of local contexts in determining citizens' rights were reviewed based on formal exclusion and informal inclusion as well as formal inclusion and informal exclusion. Finally, it was concluded that further theorization is needed on how citizenship regimes and local norms intersect to produce statelessness, securing low-wage migrant workers for the global labor regime through the global assemblages approach. Through

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“…Some studies documented the successes and challenges of the health insurance card policy for migrants in Thailand; for example, a study by Harris (2013) and Suphanchaimat (2017) [8,9]. However, literature exploring the challenges of education services for migrants is quite sparse and this paper hopes to address, to some extent, this critical gap in knowledge.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Education Policy for Migrant Children in Thailand and How It Really Happens; A Case Study of Ranong Province, Thailand

Tuangratananon

Suphanchaimat

Julchoo

et al. 2019

IJERPH

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Health and education are interrelated, and it is for this reason that we studied the education of migrant children. The Thai Government has ratified ‘rights’ to education for all children in Thailand since 2005. However, there are gaps in knowledge concerning the implementation of education policy for migrants, such as whether and to what extent migrant children receive education services according to policy intentions. The objective of this study is to explore the implementation of education policy for migrants and the factors that determine education choices among them. A cross-sectional qualitative design was applied. The main data collection technique was in-depth interviews with 34 key informants. Thematic analysis with an intersectionality approach was used. Ranong province was selected as the main study site. Results found that Migrant Learning Centers (MLCs) were the preferable choice for most migrant children instead of Thai Public Schools (TPSs), even though MLCs were not recognized as formal education sites. The main reason for choosing MLCs was because MLCs provided a more culturally sensitive service. Teaching in MLCs was done in Myanmar’s language and the MLCs offer a better chance to pursue higher education in Myanmar if migrants migrate back to their homeland. However, MLCs still face budget and human resources inadequacies. School health promotion was underserviced in MLCs compared to TPSs. Dental service was underserviced in most MLCs and TPSs. Implicit discrimination against migrant children was noted. The Thai Government should view MLCs as allies in expanding education coverage to all children in the Thai territory. A participatory public policy process that engages all stakeholders, including education officials, health care providers, Non-Governmental Organizations (NGOs), MLCs’ representatives, and migrants themselves is needed to improve the education standards of MLCs, keeping their culturally-sensitive strengths.

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Uneven inclusion: consequences of universal healthcare in Thailand

Cited by 31 publications

References 12 publications

The Devil Is in the Detail—Understanding Divergence between Intention and Implementation of Health Policy for Undocumented Migrants in Thailand

The Devil Is in the Detail—Understanding Divergence between Intention and Implementation of Health Policy for Undocumented Migrants in Thailand

Transnational regimes of labor and statelessness: Intersections of citizenship regimes and local norms in East and Southeast Asia

Education Policy for Migrant Children in Thailand and How It Really Happens; A Case Study of Ranong Province, Thailand

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