Unequivocal morphological diagnosis of fungi in morphologically abnormal nails

Cabral, Adriana; Berger, T H D; Middag-Broekman, J H F F; Boon, Mathilde E.

doi:10.1111/j.1365-2559.2006.02415.x

Cited by 11 publications

(8 citation statements)

References 16 publications

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“…Softening the nail plate can be attempted to improve sections. There is no universally agreed method for this and many laboratories persevere with routine skin techniques, taking multiple sections to increase the chance of getting something interpretable [6].…”

Section: Regional Anatomy and Histologymentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The most extensive immunohistological investigations of the nail unit have utilized keratin antibodies. The nail plate [50, 51], human embryonic nail unit [51–53], accessory digit nail unit [5, 6] and adult nail unit [53, 54, 56] have all been examined.…”

Section: Regional Anatomy and Histologymentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The nail bed appears to have a distinct identity with respect to keratin expression. Keratins 6, 16 and, to a lesser degree, 17 are all found in the nail bed and are largely absent from the matrix [6]. This finding has gained clinical significance with the characterization of the underlying fault in some variants of pachyonychia congenita where abnormalities of nail bed keratin lead to a grossly thickened nail plate.…”

Section: Regional Anatomy and Histologymentioning

confidence: 99%

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Nail biology and nail science

Berker

André

Baran

2007

Intern J of Cosmetic Sci

145

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Synopsis The nail plate is the permanent product of the nail matrix. Its normal appearance and growth depend on the integrity of several components: the surrounding tissues or perionychium and the bony phalanx that are contributing to the nail apparatus or nail unit. The nail is inserted proximally in an invagination practically parallel to the upper surface of the skin and laterally in the lateral nail grooves. This pocket‐like invagination has a roof, the proximal nail fold and a floor, the matrix from which the nail is derived. The germinal matrix forms the bulk of the nail plate. The proximal element forms the superficial third of the nail whereas the distal element provides its inferior two‐thirds. The ventral surface of the proximal nail fold adheres closely to the nail for a short distance and forms a gradually desquamating tissue, the cuticle, made of the stratum corneum of both the dorsal and the ventral side of the proximal nail fold. The cuticle seals and therefore protects the ungual cul‐de‐sac. The nail plate is bordered by the proximal nail fold which is continuous with the similarly structured lateral nail fold on each side. The nail bed extends from the lunula to the hyponychium. It presents with parallel longitudinal rete ridges. This area, by contrast to the matrix has a firm attachment to the nail plate and nail avulsion produces a denudation of the nail bed. Colourless, but translucent, the highly vascular connective tissue containing glomus organs transmits a pink colour through the nail. Among its multiple functions, the nail provides counterpressure to the pulp that is essential to the tactile sensation involving the fingers and to the prevention of the hypertrophy of the distal wall tissue, produced after nail loss of the great toe nail.

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Section: Regional Anatomy and Histologymentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Regional Anatomy and Histologymentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Regional Anatomy and Histologymentioning

confidence: 99%

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Nail biology and nail science

Berker

André

Baran

2007

Intern J of Cosmetic Sci

145

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“…The diagnosis of onychomycosis is currently based on relatively labour‐intensive methods 7–15 . Consensus groups require that the diagnosis be established on clinical grounds plus one confirmatory test which has typically included culture, potassium hydroxide (KOH) preparations or histopathological examination with periodic acid–Schiff (PAS) staining for fungal organisms 5 .…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

Polymerase chain reaction in the diagnosis of onychomycosis: a large, single-institute study

Litz

Cavagnolo

2010

British Journal of Dermatology

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“…The technology originated from the field of mathematical physics and can be trained to distinguish between a wide range of different objects. The objective of this study was to investigate the interobserver reproducibility of the evaluation of the digital images as provided by the NNS system when scanning histological sections for fungi 3–6 …”

Section: Number Of Image Tiles Found To Be Positive Per Observer Stmentioning

confidence: 99%

Evaluation of digital images of histological paraffin sections in the diagnosis of fungal infection: interobserver reproducibility and pitfalls

et al. 2007

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Unequivocal morphological diagnosis of fungi in morphologically abnormal nails

Abstract: The 61% positivity rate for fungi found justifies systematic direct submission of samples from abnormal nails for histological confirmation in order to avoid unwarranted treatment.

Cited by 11 publications

References 16 publications

Nail biology and nail science

Nail biology and nail science

Polymerase chain reaction in the diagnosis of onychomycosis: a large, single-institute study

Evaluation of digital images of histological paraffin sections in the diagnosis of fungal infection: interobserver reproducibility and pitfalls

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