Understanding when people will report crimes to the police

Small, Mario Luis

doi:10.1073/pnas.1810663115

Cited by 3 publications

(2 citation statements)

References 9 publications

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“…Second, due to lack of consistent data, we did not account for variables such as political and housing policies, security perception, community participation, and social ties within family and within neighbourhoods that were previously found to be related to crime 33 , 72 , 73 . Finally, official crime data do not come without errors, given that not all crimes are reported nor recorded 74 , and there is no “ground truth” data to gauge any bias in police records. We use official police records similarly to recent literature in the field 14 , 16 , 20 , 25 , 36 .…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Socio-economic, built environment, and mobility conditions associated with crime: a study of multiple cities

Nadai

Letouzé

et al. 2020

Sci Rep

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Nowadays, 23% of the world population lives in multi-million cities. In these metropolises, criminal activity is much higher and violent than in either small cities or rural areas. Thus, understanding what factors influence urban crime in big cities is a pressing need. Seminal studies analyse crime records through historical panel data or analysis of historical patterns combined with ecological factor and exploratory mapping. More recently, machine learning methods have provided informed crime prediction over time. However, previous studies have focused on a single city at a time, considering only a limited number of factors (such as socio-economical characteristics) and often at large in a single city. Hence, our understanding of the factors influencing crime across cultures and cities is very limited. Here we propose a Bayesian model to explore how violent and property crimes are related not only to socio-economic factors but also to the built environmental (e.g. land use) and mobility characteristics of neighbourhoods. To that end, we analyse crime at small areas and integrate multiple open data sources with mobile phone traces to compare how the different factors correlate with crime in diverse cities, namely Boston, Bogotá, Los Angeles and Chicago. We find that the combined use of socio-economic conditions, mobility information and physical characteristics of the neighbourhood effectively explain the emergence of crime, and improve the performance of the traditional approaches. However, we show that the socio-ecological factors of neighbourhoods relate to crime very differently from one city to another. Thus there is clearly no “one fits all” model.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Socio-economic, built environment, and mobility conditions associated with crime: a study of multiple cities

Nadai

Letouzé

et al. 2020

Sci Rep

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“…Notably, our results hold when we include the already identified positive effect exerted by other polices. Third, the paper contributes to the quantitative investigation of crime reporting as an outcome in the social sciences, a topic which is acknowledged as relevant but still under investigated (Aizer & Dal Bó, 2009;Hagan, Mccarthy, Herda, & Cann, 2018;Small, 2018). Forth, it contributes to the evidence on the geographies of territorial injustice resulting from the austerity (Gray & Barford, 2018).…”

mentioning

confidence: 93%

Coming Out of the Woods. Do local support services influence the propensity to report sexual violence?

Denti

Iammarino

2022

Journal of Economic Behavior & Organization

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Sexual crimes against women are severely underreported to the police, allowing for impunity of perpetrators. Observers suggest that a stimulus towards reporting the crime comes from nearby support services for victims of sexual offences -like refuges and advisors. Still, the evidence about the effects of nearby support on the reporting of sexual crimes remains scattered and mainly qualitative. This paper provides quantitative evidence on this effect, by exploiting the uneven geography of local support services which resulted in the UK after the introduction of the austerity program. Findings highlight a positive net effect of the provision of local support services on the victims' propensity to report. The positive effect holds also in the aftermath of a space-neutral highimpact media campaign empowering women to report sexual violence. This evidence relates to relevant policy implication, given that in some countries the austerity-driven cuts to public budgets have reduced and dispersed the local availability of support services, making digital support and/or helpline the only available options in many places.

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What the Study of Legal Cynicism and Crime Can Tell Us About Reliability, Validity, and Versatility in Law and Social Science Research

Hagan

McCarthy

Herda

2020

Annu. Rev. Law. Soc. Sci.

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We call for a further appreciation of the versatility of concepts and methods that increase the breadth and diversity of work on law and social science. We make our point with a review of legal cynicism. Legal cynicism's value, like other important concepts, lies in its versatility as well as its capacity for replication. Several classic works introduced legal cynicism, but Sampson & Bartusch named it. Kirk & Papachristos used a cultural framework to broaden it and added essential measures of perceived unresponsiveness and incapacity of police to ensure neighborhood safety and security. A structural theory of legal cynicism explains minority residents’ skepticism of, and desperate reliance on, police in the absence of alternative sources of safety. Historical and ethnographic studies play especially important roles in broadening the versatility of legal cynicism for the study of crime and responses to it. Expected final online publication date for the Annual Review of Law and Social Science, Volume 16 is October 13, 2020. Please see http://www.annualreviews.org/page/journal/pubdates for revised estimates.

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Understanding when people will report crimes to the police

Cited by 3 publications

References 9 publications

Socio-economic, built environment, and mobility conditions associated with crime: a study of multiple cities

Socio-economic, built environment, and mobility conditions associated with crime: a study of multiple cities

Coming Out of the Woods. Do local support services influence the propensity to report sexual violence?

What the Study of Legal Cynicism and Crime Can Tell Us About Reliability, Validity, and Versatility in Law and Social Science Research

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