Understanding the Relationship between Atherogenic Index of Plasma and Cardiovascular Disease Risk Factors among Staff of an University in Malaysia

Abstract

Background Atherogenic index of plasma (AIP) was found to be one of the strongest markers in predicting the cardiovascular disease (CVD) risk. This study was to determine the AIP and its relationship with other CVD risk factors. Materials and Methods This cross-sectional study was done among 349 staff of a public university in Sarawak. Data were collected using questionnaire, blood sampling, and anthropometric and blood pressure measurement. Data were analyzed using IBM SPSS version 20. Results A total of 349 respondents participated with majority females (66.8%), aged 38.5 ± 7.82 years. Nearly 80% of the respondents were overweight and obese, 87.1% with high and very high body fat, and 46.9% with abnormal visceral fat. For AIP category, 8.9% were found to be in intermediate and 16.4% were at high risk. Elevated lipid profile showed that total cholesterol (TC) is 15.5%, low density lipoprotein (LDL) is 16.1%, and triglyceride (TG) is 10.6%. AIP was significantly correlated with body mass index (r=0.25), visceral fat (r=0.37), TC (r=0.22), LDL (0.24), HDL (r=−0.72), TG (r=0.84), glucose (r=0.32), systolic blood pressure (r=0.22), and diastolic blood pressure (r=0.28). Conclusion It indicated that AIP is associated with other CVD risk factors. Modification of lifestyle is strongly recommended.

The correlation between dietary fat quality indices and lipid profile with Atherogenic index of plasma in obese and non-obese volunteers: a cross-sectional descriptive-analytic case-control study

“…These findings were similar to previous studies [39,40]. Besides, likewise former findings all lipid profile and AIP showed a significantly positive correlation, while a significant negative correlation was found between HDL and AIP in both groups [41,42]. Dietary fatty acids, determine the risk and protection of chronic diseases due to the chain length, number, and position of the double bonds as well as their shape (cis or trans) [43][44][45].…”

The correlation between dietary fat quality indices and lipid profile with Atherogenic Index of Plasma in obese and non-obese Volunteers: a cross-sectional descriptive-analytic case-control study

“…These findings were similar to previous studies [41,42]. Besides, likewise former findings all lipid profile and AIP showed a significantly positive correlation, while a significant negative correlation was found between HDL and AIP in both groups [43,44]. Dietary fatty acids, determine the risk and protection of chronic diseases due to the chain length, number, and position of the double bonds as well as their shape (cis or trans) [45][46][47].…”

“…Several cross-sectional studies have shown that chronic diseases such as hypertension, dyslipidemia, and CVD are more prevalent in obese individuals [60]. According to the findings of the previous studies, there is a direct relationship between an increase in the blood atherogenic index and obesity, which ultimately predicts CVD [44]. Therefore, taking care of healthy food intake is an important factor to prevent chronic disease for all people.…”

The effect of hydroalcoholic Saffron (Crocus sativus L.) extract on fasting plasma glucose, HbA1c, lipid profile, liver, and renal function tests in patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus: A randomized double‐blind clinical trial

“…(AIP) was calculated as logarithmic transformation of the ratio of TG to HDL‐C. log 10 (TG/HDL‐C; Bo et al, )…”

“…(AIP) was calculated as logarithmic transformation of the ratio of TG to HDL-C. log 10 (TG/HDL-C; Bo et al, 2018) If Tg > 400 mg/dl, Low density lipoprotein was calculated according friedewald formula.…”