Understanding the etiology of periodontitis: an overview of periodontal risk factors

Nunn, Martha E.

doi:10.1046/j.0906-6713.2002.03202.x

Cited by 221 publications

(194 citation statements)

References 113 publications

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“…Periodontitis is a multifactorial inflammatory disease affecting the periodontal tissues, characterized by tooth loss and progressive destruction of the tissues supporting the tooth (1). It can be categorized as an important global health problem as it affects the quality of life.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

The effect of type 2 diabetes mellitus and smoking on periodontal parameters and salivary matrix metalloproteinase-8 levels

Gupta

Garg

et al. 2016

J Oral Sci

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The present study was carried out to evaluate the effect of type 2 diabetes mellitus (DM) and smoking on periodontal parameters and on the levels of salivary matrix metalloproteinase (MMP-8). One hundred and twenty five subjects were divided into five groups: group 1, systemically and periodontally healthy subjects (n = 25); group 2, systemically healthy subjects but with chronic periodontitis (n = 25); group 3, subjects with type 2 DM and chronic periodontitis (n = 25); group 4, smokers with chronic periodontitis (n = 25); group 5, diabetic-smokers with chronic periodontitis (n = 25). MMP-8 level in saliva was estimated by enzyme linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) using Quantikine human total MMP-8 immunoassay kit. The result showed that the clinical periodontal parameters and the mean levels of the salivary MMP-8 were significantly higher for diabetic-smokers than other study groups. A highly significant positive correlation (r) between MMP-8 and periodontal parameters was also observed in diabetic-smoker patients. The findings suggest that diabetic-smokers have increased periodontal breakdown and are associated with an increased extent and severity of periodontitis. (J Oral Sci 58, 1-6, 2016)

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

The effect of type 2 diabetes mellitus and smoking on periodontal parameters and salivary matrix metalloproteinase-8 levels

Gupta

Garg

et al. 2016

J Oral Sci

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“…Periodontitis is a multi-factorial disease with microbial dental plaque as the initiator of peri-variety of determinants and factors including subject characteristics, social and behavioral factors, systemic factors, genetic factors, tooth-level factors, microbial composition of dental plaque and other emerging risk factors 12 . There is plenty of evidence that over 300 different species of bacteria are recognized in the oral cavity, but only a few are directly associated with periodontal disease 11 .…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Clinical and microbial evaluation of dental scaling associated with subgingival minocycline in chronic periodontitis subjects

et al. 2004

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ABSTRACT:The aims of this double-blind randomized clinical trial were to evaluate the presence of periodontal pathogens and the clinical response of periodontal pockets treatment to scaling and root planing (SRP) associated with subgingival minocycline (SM). A total of 36 subjects, 26 to 60 years old (40.7 ± 9.1), who had been previously diagnosed with chronic periodontitis, were included in the present study. Eighteen subjects were selected for the test group (TG), who were treated with SRP plus SM (new treatment), and 18 subjects for the control group (CG) who received SRP plus vehicle (current treatment). Two homologous sites in each subject with a probing depth (PD) ≥ 6 mm were chosen. To evaluate the clinical response after treatment, PD was measured at baseline and at 90 days. Microbiological evaluation was performed to detect 7 periodontal pathogens using polymerase chain reaction at baseline, 30, and 120 days. A mean reduction in PD of 2.8 and 2.1 mm was observed in the TG and CG, respectively. At baseline, P. gingivalis was the most prevalent organism in both test (65.8%) and control (48.6%) groups. After 120 days it fell to 30.8% in TG and to 23.1% in CG. There were no statistically significant differences between the test and control groups concerning PD (p > 0.05 by Wilcoxon test) or presence of periodontal pathogens (p > 0.05 by Wilcoxon and chi-square; p > 0.01 by Signal test). The results observed showed that the new treatment was as effective as the current treatment in reducing periodontal pathogens and PD among chronic periodontitis subjects. DESCRIPTORS: Bacteria; Dental scaling; Minocycline. RESUMO:O objetivo deste estudo randomizado duplo-cego foi avaliar a presença de periodontopatógenos e o comportamento clínico de bolsas periodontais tratadas com raspagem e aplainamento radicular (RAR) associado à minociclina subgengival (MS). Foram incluídos no presente estudo 36 indivíduos de 26 a 60 anos de idade (40,7 ± 9,1), previamente diagnosticados com periodontite crônica. Dezoito indivíduos foram selecionados para o grupo teste (GT), tratado com RAR e MS (novo tratamento), e 18 indivíduos, para o grupo controle (GC), que recebeu RAR e veículo (tratamento convencional). Foram selecionados dois sítios homólogos em cada indivíduo com profundidade de sondagem (PS) ≥ 6 mm para testar a hipótese proposta. Para avaliar o comportamento clí-nico após o tratamento, a mensuração da PS foi realizada inicialmente e após 90 dias. A avaliação microbiana foi realizada para detecção de 7 periodontopatógenos através de reação em cadeia da polimerase, inicialmente e após 30 e 120 dias. Observou-se redução média de 2,8 e 2,1 mm na PS nos grupos teste e controle, respectivamente. Inicialmente, P. gingivalis foi o microrganismo mais prevalente tanto no GT (65,8%) quanto no GC (48,6%). Após 120 dias, houve redução para 30,8% no GT e 23,1% no GC. Não houve diferenças estatisticamente significativas entre os grupos em relação à PS (teste Wilcoxon -p > 0,05) e presença dos periodontopatógenos (teste Wilcoxon e qui-quadra...

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“…The disruptions between normal and pathogenic bacteria in the oral cavity causes increased plaque formations and exacerbation of periodontal diseases [16]. International Journal of Clinical Medicine…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Clinical and Radiographic Evaluation of Marginal Bone Loss and Periodontal Parameters after Various Dental Reconstruction Procedures

Al-Abdaly¹,

Khawshal²,

Alqisi³

et al. 2018

IJCM

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Background: Periodontal disease is a bacterial infection that causes bone resorption of bone supporting teeth and leads to change in the normal architecture of the alveolar process. There are instances where the technique sensitive nature of restorative procedures or the faulty restorative margins may inadvertently lead to conditions which could bring about periodontal disease/ destruction. Therefore, this study was designed to determine the impact of dental restorations type on marginal bone among some patients being treated for chronic periodontitis. Material and Methods: Three hundred patients from the periodontics clinics in college of dentistry, King Khalid university were participated in our study. A total of 292 patients completed the study, 152 males and 140 female. They were divided according to dental reconstructions into three groups: Group I was without dental reconstructions (control group), group II patients received amalgam class II fillings and group III received fixed bridge denture. Plaque index (PLI) gingival index (GI), clinical attachment loss (CAL) and marginal bone loss (MBL) were recorded. All data were collected and were analyzed by ANOVA test. Results: In the present study, the restored teeth revealed significantly higher mean values for PLI, GI, CAL and MBL than the non-restored teeth (p-value < 0.05). Conclusion: Although the limitations of the present study, the patients in group II had the highest clinical attachment loss and value of marginal bone loss which can explain the more extension of amalgam fillings into subgingival direction, leading to increased plaque accumulation and increased periodontal destruction.

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Understanding the etiology of periodontitis: an overview of periodontal risk factors

Cited by 221 publications

References 113 publications

The effect of type 2 diabetes mellitus and smoking on periodontal parameters and salivary matrix metalloproteinase-8 levels

The effect of type 2 diabetes mellitus and smoking on periodontal parameters and salivary matrix metalloproteinase-8 levels

Clinical and microbial evaluation of dental scaling associated with subgingival minocycline in chronic periodontitis subjects

Clinical and Radiographic Evaluation of Marginal Bone Loss and Periodontal Parameters after Various Dental Reconstruction Procedures

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