“…15 The Dreyfus model describes how learners acquire skills through formal instruction and practice, from a "primitive" form to a "sophisticated" form. 15 Learners pass through five distinct stages: novice, competence, proficiency, expertise, and mastery. By developing sophisticated forms of recall, recognition, decision, and awareness, learners move from the rule-based, analytical novice stage to the intuitive, experience-driven mastery stage for a particular skill.…”