Understanding the Barriers to Hiring and Promoting Women in Surgical Subspecialties

Valsangkar, Nakul P.; Fecher, Alison M.; Rozycki, Grace S.; Blanton, Cassie; Bell, Teresa M.; Freischlag, Julie A.; Ahuja, Nita; Zimmers, Teresa A.; Koniaris, Leonidas G.

doi:10.1016/j.jamcollsurg.2016.03.042

Cited by 71 publications

(47 citation statements)

References 28 publications

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“…We acknowledge that this is one snapshot view of one single academic institution. The male/female ratio of our faculty and trainees are comparable to national data 2,13 . We also hope to carry this work forward with a national survey including surgeons in both the academic and non-academic realm.…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 78%

See 1 more Smart Citation

Gender differences in academic surgery, work-life balance, and satisfaction

Baptiste

Fecher

Dolejs

et al. 2017

Journal of Surgical Research

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108

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Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 78%

“…More specific to surgery, only 14-21% of full time faculty in general surgery residency programs are female 11,13 . Studies on perceived obstacles to academic progression for women list active gender discrimination, social and family issues and lack of effective same-sex mentorship as contributing factors 6,11 .…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Gender differences in academic surgery, work-life balance, and satisfaction

Baptiste

Fecher

Dolejs

et al. 2017

Journal of Surgical Research

Self Cite

108

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show abstract

“…It has previously been defined as [publications/total-citations] × [3-year citations/total-citations] [11]. It takes into account the academic impact and the relative recentness of publications.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…In order to define the academic drivers of success in the top U.S. departments of surgery, the top 50-ranked-university based departments of surgery were identified based on current NIH funding available from the Blue Ridge Institute for Medical Research as previously described [5–11]. Additionally, a Medline search and review of current meetings were performed to identify additional institutions that had a significant academic impact but were not present on the NIH funding rank list.…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Endangered academia: preserving the pediatric surgeon scientist

Markel

Valsangkar

Bell

et al. 2017

Journal of Pediatric Surgery

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Background: Pediatric surgery is one of the most difficult surgical fellowships to obtain. It requires stellar academic credentials and, often, dedicated time pursuing research. It is unknown, however, if pediatric surgeons maintain high academic output as faculty members. We hypothesized that the majority of pediatric surgeons do not pursue robust research activities as faculty, and therefore, over time, their academic productivity decreases. Methods: Numbers of publications, citations, H-index, and NIH funding rates were determined for 4354 surgical faculty at the top-55 NIH based departments of surgery using websites, Scopus, NIH RePORTER, and Grantome. Continuous variables were compared with ANOVA and post-hoc Bonferroni; categorical variables by χ2 test. p < 0.05 was significant. Results: In this dataset, 321 pediatric surgery (PS) faculty represented 7.4% of the cohort. Among PS faculty, 31% were assistant professors, 24% associate professors, 31% full professors and 13% had no academic rank. PS faculty had significantly more publications, a higher H index, and more high level NIH funding early in their careers at the assistant professor level compared to general surgeons. PS faculty at the associate professor level had equivalent high level NIH funding, but lower recentness and academic power compared to general surgeons. Professors of PS rebounded slightly, with only observed deficiencies in number of citations compared to general surgeons. Conclusions: PS faculty in assistant professor ranks has higher scholarly productivity compared to equivalently ranked general surgeons. Despite some mild academic setbacks in midcareer, pediatric surgeons are able to maintain similar academic productivity to their general surgery colleagues by the time they are full professors. Level of evidence: 2.

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“…The prevalence of women among US surgeons is lower than among non-surgical specialties, and this is especially true for certain surgical specialties, such as CT surgery (10). The proportion of women (7.3% overall) in our population was lower than among all US physicians (women: 31.9% overall) or all US general surgeons (women: 20.7%), but comparable with all US CT surgeons (women: 6.3%), according to the AMA4 ( Table 1).…”

Section: Prior Training In the Usmentioning

confidence: 99%

Characteristics of cardiothoracic surgeons practicing at the top-ranked US institutions

Rosati¹,

Koniaris²,

Molena³

et al. 2016

J. Thorac. Dis.

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Background: We aimed to determine which factors distinguish cardiothoracic (CT) surgeons practicing at the top-ranked US institutions from their peers. Methods: Using online resources, we collected demographics, training information and academic metrics of 694 cardiac (n=489; 70%) and thoracic (n=205; 30%) surgeons practicing at 57 preeminent US institutions, including those with the highest US News & World Report ranking ("top CT centers"). Results: Two hundred and ninety-nine (43.1%) CT surgeons were practicing at the 18 "top CT centers" and had higher academic productivity (publications, citations) than their peers. While there was no difference in the proportion of international medical graduates (IMGs) (21.4% overall) or of surgeons with a PhD degree (9.4% overall) across institutions, the "top CT centers" had a higher proportion of faculty who received their entire CT training abroad (10.4% vs. 5.8%; P=0.038) or at highly-ranked US institutions. Those who published more during their early career years (residency, fellowship and first 5 years as faculty)were more likely to attain academic (professorship) and institutional leadership (division/department chair) positions and to practice at the "top CT centers". Women represented a minority (7.3% overall; 5.1% of cardiac vs. 12.7% of thoracic surgeons, P<0.001), but with growing prevalence among younger faculty and without differences across institutions. Conclusions: CT surgeons of the best US centers have a more international background and received their training at highly-ranked institutions. Early academic productivity is associated with life-long career achievements, with special importance of the first 5 years as faculty. Women represent a growing proportion of the CT surgical workforce.

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Understanding the Barriers to Hiring and Promoting Women in Surgical Subspecialties

Cited by 71 publications

References 28 publications

Gender differences in academic surgery, work-life balance, and satisfaction

Gender differences in academic surgery, work-life balance, and satisfaction

Endangered academia: preserving the pediatric surgeon scientist

Characteristics of cardiothoracic surgeons practicing at the top-ranked US institutions

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