“…The cognitive approach, in contrast, studies differences among team members through direct questionnaire measures of perceived differences in knowledge, values, and skills between individual team members who may be homogeneous or heterogeneous on demographic indicators (e.g., Kilduff et al, 2000;Nemeth, 1986).Research has shown that both types of group diversity may have both beneficial and detrimental effects on team functioning. On the one hand, demographic diversity may offer some advantages, including an increase in creativity, innovation, and the quality of performance (e.g., Drach-Zahavy & Somech, 2001;Watson, Kumar & Michaelsen, 1993). Discussion of diverse opinions allows diverse individuals to pool information and combine ideas which may stimulate synthetic solutions to work-related problems, thereby providing innovative performance benefits (e.g., Amabile, 1983;Jehn, Northcraft & Neale, 1999;Kickul & Gundry, 2001;Northcraft, Polzer, Neale & Kramer, 1995;Schwenk & Cosier, 1980).…”