Understanding Materialism Among Youth

Abstract

As an emerging value, materialism helps explain the consumer behavior of youth. Using a national sample of 9to 14-year-olds, in this study we developed a Youth Materialism Scale. The findings suggest that more materialistic youth tend to shop more and save less. They are most interested in new products and most responsive to advertising and promotional efforts. Their parents view them as more expert with regard to products and they wield more purchase influence on their parents. Parents who are more materialistic tend to have children who are more materialistic. This study also reveals a modest negative relation between materialism and liking for school and school performance.Children account directly for an estimated $36 billion in sales annually, and when their indirect influence over far-ranging product decisions from stereos to vacations is considered, the estimate of the total economic spending impacted by children in the United States is $290 billion (McNeal, 1999). With 70% of mothers working either full-or part-time, more household-and consumer-related tasks, including helping with shopping for family groceries, have fallen to children. It is estimated that by age 10, the average child makes over five trips a week either to a store or a shopping center (McNeal, 1992). With baby boomers now having their own children, the sheer increase in the number of children is another reason for increased efforts to market to them (Acuff, 1997). The culture in which children now grow up is Requests for reprints should be sent to

Relações entre Desenvolvimento da Gratidão e Tipos de Valores em Jovens

“…Alguns pesquisadores encontraram, por exemplo, uma relação entre os níveis de materialismo das crianças e de seus pais (e.g., Carslon & Grossbart, 1988;Goldberg, Gorn, Peracchio, & Bammossy, 2003), o mesmo ocorrendo com os níveis de hedonismo (Knafo & Schwartz, 2009). É graças também à interação com os adultos que a criança aprende que há valores que dizem respeito às ações humanas intencionais , os quais são denominados valores morais.…”

Psikologi Anti-Materialisme

“…Materialisme yang tinggi adalah sebab bagi berbagai persoalan psikologi, sosial, ekonomi, dan pendidikan, seperti: rendahnya well-being, ketidakbahagiaan dan ketidakpuasan hidup, dan tingginya stres dan depresi (Brouskeli & Loumakou, 2014;Dittmar & Kapur, 2011;Garðarsdóttir, Janković & Dittmar, 2008;Karabati & Cemalcilar, 2010;Konow & Earley, 2008;Tatzel, 2002;Tsang, Carpenter, Roberts, Frisch, & Carlisle, 2014); perilaku mengkonsumsi yang bermasalah, seperti compulsive dan excessive buying (Dittmar, 2005;Müller, et al, in press, 2011;Pham, Yap, & Dowling, 2011); sikap dan perilaku tidak prolingkungan (Hurst, Dittmar, Bond, & Kasser, 2013;Kilbourne & Picket, 2008); sikap negatif terhadap pernikahan dan memiliki anak (Li, Patel, Balliet, Tov, Scollon 2010); ketidaksukaan menabung dan sekolah pada anak, rendahnya motivasi belajar intrinsik, meningkatnya motivasi belajar ekstrinsik, dan rendahnya performa akademik (Goldberg Gorn, Peracchio, & Bamosy, 2003;Ku, Dittmar, & Banerjee, 2014).…”

Consumerism and well-being in early adolescence

“…Studies of American adolescents conducted since 2000 have developed a 10-item 'Youth Materialism Scale' for 9Á14 year olds (Goldberg et al 2003) and an 18-item 'Consumer Involvement Scale' comprising a broad range of consumer attitudes, values and activities for 10Á13 year olds (Schor 2004). While these scales measure consumerism as a personality attribute and/or value, a more recent study of 8Á18 year olds measured the concept via the number of material possessions (e.g.…”

“…Most studies of children and adolescents reporting on gender differences in consumerism describe higher levels among males (Churchill and Moschis 1979, Goldberg et al 2003, Flouri 2004, Kasser 2005, although one found no gender difference (Nairn et al 2007). Results in respect of age are inconsistent.…”

“…Results in respect of age are inconsistent. Some report no differences in levels according to either age or school grade (Ward and Wackman 1971, Goldberg et al 2003, Kasser 2005. However, studies have variously found: a positive relationship between consumerism and age among 11Á19 year olds (Flouri 2004); that consumerism increased from middle childhood to early adolescence then declined in late adolescence (Chaplin and John 2007); that pupils in the final two years of (UK) primary schooling reported more consumerism than those in the first two years at secondary school (Nairn et al 2007); and that high status brands become particularly important as children move into secondary school (UNICEF UK/Ipsos Mori 2011).…”