“…However, this area of research is still in its infancy, requiring more contributions. Subsequently, many of the materials reviewed are expert opinions, personal and professional accounts, and reflections of experts (including Brownlee, Farrel & Davis, 2012;Guthrie, 2015;Hahambu, Brownlee, & Petriwskij, 2012;Narokobi, 1983;Waldrip, Taylor, & Wilikai, 2012), along with traditional local knowledge drawn from my own experiences, backed by similar cultural knowledge from sources elsewhere. The discussion begins with a focus on historical context and the introduction of formal education in PNG.…”