Understanding International Differences in the Gender Pay Gap

Blau, Francine D.; Kahn, Lawrence M.

doi:10.1086/344125

Cited by 549 publications

(414 citation statements)

References 60 publications

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“…1 In fact, women's participation in labor market activities is intimately connected to women's role within the household (Blau 1998, OECD 2002, Blau and Kahn 2003.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

The Part-Time Wage Gap: a Career Perspective

Russo

Hassink

2008

De Economist

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SummaryBecause promotions are an important source of wage growth, we argue that the low incidence of promotions among part-time workers will contribute to the emergence of the part-time wage gap. We test this claim using Dutch employer-employee matched data. We find that the parttime wage gap is absent among young school leavers, but that it is well established among more mature workers. Moreover, we find that promotions account for a wage growth of about eight log points. Finally, workers in part-time jobs experience a lower rate of promotion relative to workers in full-time jobs.

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“…1 In fact, women's participation in labor market activities is intimately connected to women's role within the household (Blau 1998, OECD 2002, Blau and Kahn 2003.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

The Part-Time Wage Gap: a Career Perspective

Russo

Hassink

2008

De Economist

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“…Perhaps the dominant crossnational approach at the intersection of gender and class focuses gender inequality at work (Gornick 1999;McCall and O'Connor 2005). Many scholars show cross-national variation in sex segregation at work (Chang 2004;Charles 2005;Charles and Grusky 2004), the sex pay gap (Blau and Kahn 2003), or women's labor force participation (Pettit and Hook 2005). Just as the cross-national study of gender and work has made tremendous contributions, we suggest that other intersections of gender and class can inform our understanding of inequality.…”

Section: Nearly Universal But Somewhat Distinct: the Feminization Ofmentioning

confidence: 80%

“…Some scholars seem to assert that the extent of societal gender inequality is a function of the extent of overall economic inequality (Blau and Kahn 2003). In an influential paper, Blau and Kahn (1992) showed that countries with greater returns to skill and greater earnings inequality tend to have greater gender pay differences.…”

Section: Coherence or Divergence Between Dimensions Of Povertymentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Last, labor market institutions and women in parliament, political causes of welfare generosity, might channel through or combine with the welfare state to reduce poverty, and even potentially reduce the feminization of poverty (Brady 2003c;Huber and Stephens 2001;Sainsbury 1999). Indeed, Blau and Kahn (2003) show that labor market institutions (e.g. unionization, corporatism, etc.…”

Section: Feminist Critiques Of "Similar Causes"mentioning

confidence: 99%

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Nearly universal, but somewhat distinct: The feminization of poverty in affluent Western democracies, 1969–2000

Brady¹,

Kall²

2008

Social Science Research

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Standard-Nutzungsbedingungen:Die Dokumente auf EconStor dürfen zu eigenen wissenschaftlichen Zwecken und zum Privatgebrauch gespeichert und kopiert werden.Sie dürfen die Dokumente nicht für öffentliche oder kommerzielle Zwecke vervielfältigen, öffentlich ausstellen, öffentlich zugänglich machen, vertreiben oder anderweitig nutzen.Sofern die Verfasser die Dokumente unter Open-Content-Lizenzen (insbesondere CC-Lizenzen) zur Verfügung gestellt haben sollten, gelten abweichend von diesen Nutzungsbedingungen die in der dort genannten Lizenz gewährten Nutzungsrechte. Terms of use: Documents in EconStor may ABSTRACTOur study extends research on the feminization of poverty by analyzing the variation in women's, men's and feminized poverty across affluent democracies from 1969 to 2000. Specifically, we address three issues. First, we provide more recent estimates of adult women's and men's poverty and the ratio of women's to men's poverty with two different poverty measures. We suggest that by incorporating the elderly, the feminization of poverty may be greater than previously estimated. The feminization of poverty is nearly universal across affluent Western democracies 1969-2000. Second, we show that women's, men's and overall poverty are highly correlated, but the feminization of poverty diverges as a distinct social problem. Third, we find that women's, men's and overall poverty share several correlates, particularly the welfare state, though some differences exist. At the same time, several of our findings differ with past research. The feminization of poverty is only influenced by social security transfers, single motherhood, and the sex ratios of the elderly and labor force participation. While power resources theory probably best explains women's, men's and overall poverty, structural theory may best explain the feminization of poverty. We conclude by discussing how analyses of the feminization of poverty contribute to debates on poverty and gender inequality.

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“…In an attempt to explain why gender inequality in Japan is larger than in most other industrialized country including the United States (Blau and Kahn 2003), Brinton (1988:305) proposes the concept of a "human capital development system" in her article "The Social-Institutional Bases of Gender Stratification: Japan as an Illustrative Case" to refer to the ways in which women's and men's human capital accumulation is institutionally structured around gendered family, education, and labor market systems. This system consists of "(1) the social-institutional context of human capital development and evaluation, reflected by the structure of the educational system and the labor market and (2) the structure of exchanges and investment, especially intergenerational ones, within the family as the supplier of labor" (Brinton 1988:305).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Social-Institutional Structures That Matter: A Quantitative Monograph of Sexual/Gender Minority Status and Earnings in Japan

Hiramori

2018

Preprint

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While most previous studies examining the effects of sexual orientation on earnings rely on lesbians, gay men, and their heterosexual counterparts in Western societies, this quantitative monograph argues that focusing on social-institutional structures of a society and understanding specific stratification processes based on various sexual/gender minority statuses are important for the theory of stratification by sexual orientation and transgender status. Using the "niji VOICE 2018" survey, this study examines the association between sexual/gender minority status and earnings in Japan. The analysis shows that there is a negative association between being a sexual/gender minority and earnings among both designated females at birth and designated males at birth. The results suggesting the lesbian premium found in Western economies are not observed in Japan. The findings also indicate that the processes through which stratification based on sexual orientation and transgender status may operate depend on various categories of

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Understanding International Differences in the Gender Pay Gap

Cited by 549 publications

References 60 publications

The Part-Time Wage Gap: a Career Perspective

The Part-Time Wage Gap: a Career Perspective

Nearly universal, but somewhat distinct: The feminization of poverty in affluent Western democracies, 1969–2000

Social-Institutional Structures That Matter: A Quantitative Monograph of Sexual/Gender Minority Status and Earnings in Japan

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