Although cannabinoids are efficacious in laboratory animal models of inflammatory pain, their established cannabimimetic actions diminish enthusiasm for their therapeutic development. Conversely, fatty acid amide hydrolase (FAAH), the chief catabolic enzyme regulating the endogenous cannabinoid N-arachidonoylethanolamine (anandamide), has emerged as an attractive target for treating pain and other conditions. Here, we tested WIN 55212 and CB 1 mechanisms of action. However, the transient receptor potential vanilloid type 1 antagonist capsazepine did not affect either the antihyperalgesic or antiedematous effects of URB597. Finally, URB597 attenuated levels of the proinflammatory cytokines interleukin-1 and tumor necrosis factor ␣ in LPS-treated paws. These findings demonstrate that simultaneous elevations in non-neuronal and neuronal endocannabinoid signaling are possible through inhibition of a single enzymatic target, thereby offering a potentially powerful strategy for treating chronic inflammatory pain syndromes that operate at multiple levels of anatomical integration.Increased pain sensitivity is one of the most common and debilitating symptoms of inflammatory disorders and is caused by various mediators, including neuropeptides, eicosanoids, and cytokines (Dray and Bevan, 1993). Cannabis extracts and cannabinoid receptor agonists have long been known to elicit analgesic and anti-inflammatory actions (Sofia et al., 1973); however, the therapeutic utility of these drugs has been greatly limited by the occurrence of psychotropic side effects. The endogenous cannabinoid (endocannabinoid) system, consisting of naturally occurring ligands (e.g., anandamide) and 2-arachidonoyl glycerol (2-AG), enzymes regulating ligand biosynthesis and degradation, and two cloned cannabinoid receptors (i.e., CB 1 and CB 2 ) (Jhaveri et al., 2007;Ahn et al., 2008), provides multiple targets for the development of new pharmacological approaches for