Understanding global change: A cognitive perspective on communicating through stories

Kearney, Anne R.

doi:10.1007/bf01096270

Cited by 68 publications

(26 citation statements)

References 54 publications

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“…Furthermore, if the provided information fails to change the already confirmed perception of an information receiver about the information provider, transparency may still not be achieved. Changing people's perception is not an easy task, and it needs continuous exposure to structured information which utilises their information processing methods [41] and it also requires constant social interactions with the people [71]. Since perception is subjective, different information receivers perceive the same information in different ways, and they respond to information according to their own perception [70].…”

Section: Information Perceptionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Four reference models for transparency requirements in information systems

et al. 2017

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Transparency is a key emerging requirement in modern businesses and their information systems. Transparency refers to the information which flows amongst stakeholders for the purpose of informed decision-making and taking the right action. Transparency is generally associated with positive connotations such as trust and accountability. However, it has been shown that it could have adverse effects such as information overload and affecting decisions objectiveness. This calls for systematic approaches for transparency to ensure its cost-effectiveness and avoid such adverse side effects. This is especially true considering that the relatively few works in the literature on transparency requirements have focused mainly on making information available and accessible and have paid little focus on the information receivers' side and making it meaningful for them. In this paper, we reflect on our previous research on transparency and its multi-faceted constructs and review multi-disciplinary conceptualisation and propose four reference models which are meant to form a holistic conceptual baseline for transparency requirements in information systems. These reference models cover transparency actors, transparency meaningfulness, transparency usefulness, and information quality in transparency. We also discuss the interdependencies amongst these four reference models and their implications for requirements engineers and information system analysts. As a proof of concept, we analyse a mainstream transparency document, the United Kingdom Freedom of Information Act, in the light of our reference models and demonstrate the need to consider transparency more holistically and the need to include the information receiver's perspective and the inter-relations amongst various properties and constituents of transparency as well. We then highlight areas of improvement informed by our analysis.

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Section: Information Perceptionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Four reference models for transparency requirements in information systems

et al. 2017

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“…Thus it provides a case study to explore whether climate change communications utilising vivid images and stories, as advised in much of the literature (e.g. Futerra, 2005;Kearney, 1994;Trumbo and Shanahan, 2000), might be effective, or whether 'disaster narrative' framing of the information militates against this.…”

Section: The Age Of Stupidmentioning

confidence: 99%

Lights, camera … action? Altered attitudes and behaviour in response to the climate change film The Age of Stupid

Howell

2011

Global Environmental Change

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The film The Age of Stupid depicts the world in 2055 devastated by climate change, combining this with documentary footage which illustrates many facets of the problems of climate change and fossil-fuel dependency. This study investigates the effects of the film on UK viewers' attitudes and behaviour through a three-stage survey. Analysis of changes in attitudes focussed particularly on respondents' concern about climate change, motivation to act, fear about the potential for catastrophe, beliefs about responsibility for action, and sense of agency. The film increased concern about climate change, motivation to act, and viewers' sense of agency, although these effects had not persisted 10-14 weeks after seeing it. It was also successful in promoting some mitigation actions and behavioural change, although respondents reported barriers to further action, such as limited options for improving home energy efficiency among those in rented accommodation. However, filmgoers were atypical of the general public in that they exhibited very high levels of concern about climate change, knowledge about how to reduce their carbon emissions, and contact with organisations campaigning about climate change, before they saw the film. The paper considers how these factors may have enabled viewers to respond to the film as they did, as well as policy implications for those seeking to develop effective climate change communications.

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“…Both historical and comparative approaches take account of the power dynamics underlying any production of knowledge. At the same time, they insist that local knowledge be taken seriously and given opportunities to interrogate scientific perspectives, a process already occurring in a variety of settings (Cronon, 1992;Kearney, 1994;Agrawal, 1995;Watson-Verran and Turnbull, 1995;Wynne, 1996;Sillitoe, 1998;Usher, 2000).…”

Section: Discussion: Intersecting Narratives?mentioning

confidence: 99%

Glaciers and Climate Change: Perspectives from Oral Tradition

Cruikshank¹

2001

ARCTIC

226

120

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ABSTRACT. In northwestern North America, glaciers figure prominently in both indigenous oral traditions and narratives of geophysical sciences. These perspectives intersect in discussions about global warming, predicted to be extreme at Arctic and Subarctic latitudes and an area of concern for both local people and scientists. Indigenous people in northwestern North America have experienced climate variability associated with the latter phases of the Little Ice Age (approximately 1550-1850). This paper draws on oral traditions passed down from that period, some recorded between 1900 and the early 1950s in coastal Alaska Tlingit communities and others recorded more recently with elders from Yukon First Nations. The narratives concern human travel to the Gulf of Alaska foreshore at the end of the Little Ice Age from the Copper River, from the Alaska panhandle, and from the upper Alsek-Tatshenshini drainage, as well as observations about glacier advances, retreats, and surges. The paper addresses two large policy debates. One concerns the incorporation of local knowledge into scientific research. The second addresses the way in which oral tradition contributes another variety of historical understanding in areas of the world where written documents are relatively recent. Academic debates, whether in science or in history, too often evaluate local expertise as data or evidence, rather than as knowledge or theory that might contribute different perspectives to academic questions.Key words: environmental change, exploration narratives, Gulf of Alaska, Little Ice Age, oral tradition, science studies, traditional knowledge, Yukon RÉSUMÉ. Dans le nord-ouest de l'Amérique du Nord, les glaciers occupent une place prépondérante aussi bien dans les traditions orales autochtones que dans les comptes-rendus des sciences géophysiques. Ces perspectives se recoupent dans les discussions concernant le réchauffement de la planète, que l'on prévoit extrême aux latitudes arctiques et subarctiques et qui préoccupe à la fois les habitants de la région et les scientifiques. Les peuples autochtones du nord-ouest de l'Amérique du Nord ont connu la variabilité du climat associée aux dernières phases du petit âge glaciaire (de 1550 à 1850 environ). Cet article fait appel aux traditions orales transmises depuis cette période, certaines consignées entre 1900 et le début des années 50 dans les communautés tlingit de la région côtière de l'Alaska, et d'autres consignées plus récemment auprès d'aînés des Premières nations du Yukon. Les récits parlent d'hommes qui, à la fin du petit âge glaciaire, se rendaient jusqu'à l'estran du golfe d'Alaska depuis la rivière Copper, l'Enclave de l'Alaska et le bassin supérieur Tatshenshini-Alsek, ainsi que d'observations d'avancées et de retraits des glaciers et de crues glaciaires. L'article se penche sur deux grands débats d'orientation. L'un concerne l'intégration du savoir local dans la recherche scientifique. L'autre traite de la façon dont la tradition orale apporte une autre sorte de compréhension hist...

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Understanding global change: A cognitive perspective on communicating through stories

Cited by 68 publications

References 54 publications

Four reference models for transparency requirements in information systems

Four reference models for transparency requirements in information systems

Lights, camera … action? Altered attitudes and behaviour in response to the climate change film The Age of Stupid

Glaciers and Climate Change: Perspectives from Oral Tradition

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