Understanding Ethnic Chinese Travelers on North American Cruise Tours: Motivations, Perceptions, and Satisfaction of Cruisers

Josiam, Bharath M.; Huang, Tai‐Yi; Spears, Daniel L.; Kennon, Lisa R.; Bahulkar, Gauri A.

doi:10.1080/19388160802711428

Cited by 30 publications

(37 citation statements)

References 40 publications

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“…The results are similar to those obtained in a study of Taiwanese cruise travelers (Josiam et al, 2009). "Enjoy casino experience" was the weakest motivation reported by potential Chinese outbound cruisers.…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 81%

“…On the other hand, the results of the current study show similarities with other cruise motivation studies conducted in the Greater China area. Such studies have found that the top motivations of other potential ethnic Chinese cruisers (i.e., Hong Kong and Taiwan cruise travelers) include "Enjoy beautiful environments and sceneries", "Experience attractive routes and destinations", and "See and experience new cultures" (Qu & Wong, 1999;Josiam et al, 2009). "Visit different places in one trip" and "Travel to places friends/relatives have not visited" are also motivational factors for Taiwanese cruisers, although no specific mean values were reported by Josiam et al (2009).…”

Section: Expectation Motivation and Intentionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The push factors were lifelong learning, escape and relaxation, adventure, belonging, and status seeking; the pull factors were national environment and safety, entertainment and sports recreation, nature and wilderness, learning opportunity, and modernity and facilities. In another study of Taiwanese cruise travelers (Josiam et al, 2009), the core motivating push factors identified were discovery, enjoyment, social esteem, need, escape, and family time. The pull motivation was documented as unifactorial.…”

Section: Motivationmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Some research has been conducted on the motivations of cruise travelers in Asia, including Hong Kong (Qu & Wong, 1999) and Taiwan (Josiam et al, 2009). However, few studies have addressed the motivations of potential Mainland Chinese cruisers (Fu, Huang, & Cai, 2010).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…It is predicted that the number of cruise travelers from Asia will reach two million by 2015 (Cruise Lines International Association, 2010). Many scholars believe that the number of Asian cruise travelers will increase dramatically because over 85 million Chinese now have the ability to take international vacations (Josiam, Huang, Spears, Kennon, & Bahulkar, 2009). …”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Potential Mainland Chinese Cruise Travelers’ Expectations, Motivations, and Intentions

Fan

Hsu

2014

Journal of Travel & Tourism Marketing

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Abstract:The global cruise industry is the fastest growing sector in the entire leisure market. Due to the limited development of the Chinese cruise sector and government controls on outbound travel, the cruise, especially the outbound cruise, is a new concept in China. Few studies have addressed Chinese consumers' perceptions of cruises. This study aimed to explore the preferences of potential Chinese cruisers and their expectations, motivations, and intentions in relation to taking an outbound cruise. This study also proposed and tested a conceptual framework: the Expectation, Motivation, and Intention (EMI) Model. Data were collected in Beijing and Shanghai; 242 valid responses were received. The results partially supported the proposed model. The theoretical and practical contributions of the study are discussed.

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Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 81%

Section: Expectation Motivation and Intentionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Motivationmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Potential Mainland Chinese Cruise Travelers’ Expectations, Motivations, and Intentions

Fan

Hsu

2014

Journal of Travel & Tourism Marketing

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Understanding the relationship between push and pull motivational factors in cruise tourism: A canonical correlation analysis

Whyte

2017

Journal of Tourism Research

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Motivation is one of the greatest drivers of human behavior, yet travel motivation in the context of cruise tourism remains an understudied topic. Although a limited number of cruise specific studies focus on push (travel motives) and pull (destination attributes) factors, the push–pull relationship has not been directly measured. Furthermore, pull factors have not been examined in detail in terms of onboard (ship) and onshore (ports of call) attributes. Understanding this relationship can help inform the marketing and development of the cruise product. This study measures the importance of push and pull factors and the relationship between them in the decision‐making process of cruise travelers. Results identify the main motives driving the desire to travel and the cruise destination attributes that draw travelers to a specific cruise vacation. A number of potential “product bundles” or market segments are also identified on the basis of strongly related push and pull factors.

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Development of a cruise motivation scale for emerging markets in Asia

Hsu

2017

Journal of Tourism Research

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Cruise travel has attracted the attention of researchers because of its rapid development. However, the literature lacks a reliable and valid measurement tool for constructing cruise motivation. The only available scale developed in the North American context, where the cruise industry is considerably mature, may be inapplicable to emerging markets due to cultural and experiential differences. To address this research gap, a measurement scale for cruise motivation in emerging markets, with Mainland China and Hong Kong as samples, was developed by following rigorous procedures that used both qualitative and quantitative methods. This study offers both academic and operational implications.

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Understanding Ethnic Chinese Travelers on North American Cruise Tours: Motivations, Perceptions, and Satisfaction of Cruisers

Cited by 30 publications

References 40 publications

Potential Mainland Chinese Cruise Travelers’ Expectations, Motivations, and Intentions

Potential Mainland Chinese Cruise Travelers’ Expectations, Motivations, and Intentions

Understanding the relationship between push and pull motivational factors in cruise tourism: A canonical correlation analysis

Development of a cruise motivation scale for emerging markets in Asia

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