Having a child is often treated as a taken for granted part of heterosexual relationships, a norm so entrenched that there is often little discussion amongst couples as to why they want children. In terms of research, while women's reasons for having children have been explored in detail, little attention has been paid to heterosexual men's reasons for having children. This article presents a thematic analysis of interview data with 10 Australian heterosexual men in couples who were planning to have a first child in the near future. The men's responses involved both self-focused motivations, where the child is essentially positioned as an object (e.g. continuing the bloodline), and other-focused motivations, where reasons focused on a future relationship with the child (e.g. teaching and watching a child grow). Our findings show that participants reported self-focused and other-focused motivations for wanting a child, reflecting both traditional and newer approaches to fatherhood.Keywords: fatherhood; reproduction; heterosexuality; parenting; family
IntroductionHaving a child is often treated as a taken for granted part of heterosexual relationships, one which requires little explanation or reasoning compared to the decisions of those who do not have children. As Overall writes:[i]n contemporary Western culture, it ironically appears that one needs to have reasons not to have children, but no reasons are required to have them. ... no one says to a newly pregnant woman or the proud father of a newborn, "Why did Despite the treatment of parenthood for heterosexual couples as axiomatic, there has nonetheless been a shift over time in terms of why heterosexual people decide to have children. Historically in western cultures children were wanted for their capacity to work (Ariès, 1962), whereas children are now more likely to be desired for more personal reasons such as self-fulfilment, giving new meaning to the lives of parents, or continuing a family line (Lupton & Barclay, 1997, p. 143). Morison and Macleod (2015) refer to these more personalised accounts of as valued as the "sacralised children script". In fact, having a child is now a significant financial investment, with the increasing expense of having children being documented in western countries such as Australia (Phillips, Li, & Taylor, 2013) and the US (Lino, 2014). In the face of the financial costs that children bring, then, and despite the joy that they may also bring many parents, it is important to consider what it is that motivates heterosexual people to have children, given as Morison and Macleod (2015) note that fertile heterosexual people are the "invisible norm" when it comes to research on pathways to parenthood, where having children is viewed as a "natural progression" requiring little reflection.As others have noted (e.g. de Montigny Gauthier & de Montigny, 2013), while there has been sustained attention to the reasons why children are desired by heterosexual women (e.g. Grewal & Urschel, 1994;Papadimitriou, 2008;Sevón, 2005;Ulrich & Weathe...