Understanding Community Dynamics in the Study of Grand Challenges: How Nonprofits, Institutional Actors, and the Community Fabric Interact to Influence Income Inequality

Berrone, Pascual; Gelabert, Liliana; Massa-Saluzzo, Federica; Rousseau, Horacio Enrique

doi:10.5465/amj.2015.0746

Cited by 115 publications

(126 citation statements)

References 97 publications

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“…Framing refers to -the signifying work or meaning construction engaged in by movement adherents … relevant to the interests of movements‖ (Snow 2006(Snow : 1780. By using framing techniques, SMOs diagnose and highlight the problems associated with disputed business practices (Hiatt et al 2009;Weber et al 2009;Berrone et al 2016), as well as promulgate solutions that materialize as alternative technologies in line with the activists' values and identities (Sine and Lee 2009;Vasi 2011;Weber et al 2008). Activists and SMOs frame these solutions as -necessary, valid and appropriate‖ (Rao 1998: 912), which contributes to the legitimation of these practices and to greater confidence in their potential.…”

Section: Social Movements Firms and Industry Creationmentioning

confidence: 99%

Differential Firm Commitment to Industries Supported by Social Movement Organizations

Durand

Georgallis

2018

Organization Science

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This article theorizes about and tests the conditions under which firms' commitment to an industry is influenced by social movement organizations (SMOs) that favor the industry. We argue that the more prominent SMOs are within an industry, the more a firm increases its commitment to that industry by expanding its operations; yet, this main effect should be moderated substantially by a firm's idiosyncratic characteristics. The current research predicts that a firm's location, its sensitivity to information about the industry's potential, and its history of associations with activists determine the magnitude of the effect of SMO prominence on its strategic commitment to the industry. We test and find support for these hypotheses using a longitudinal data set of European manufacturers of solar photovoltaic cells between 1990 and 2011. The findings offer new insights for literature on social movements and organizations, as well as strategic management research. 1 The authors are listed in alphabetical order. We are grateful to Brayden King and three anonymous reviewers for their helpful feedback. We also thank 3 expectations, without investing substantively down the road. Second, research that views social movements as a source of market contentiousness, rather than as market supporters, consistently reports that responses to activism differ depending on the firms' characteristics (King 2008;McDonnell and King 2013;Waldron et al. 2013;Weber et al. 2009). Given these observations, although prior work has documented the macro-level effects of support for new industries by SMOs, the need remains to examine whether SMOs affect concrete investment strategies at the firm level and to understand why firms react differently to SMO prominence.We argue that the more SMOs are prominent in an industry (i.e., the more they are noticed within the industry) the more a firm will increase its commitment to the industry. Because SMO prominence signals shifting general public preferences, reflects active sponsoring of the alternative industry's economic potential, and defines new contours for reputation building, firms will tend to expand their commitment to the alternative industry in this case. Yet we also expect that firms differ in their responses to SMO prominence, particularly because their perceptions of the perceived benefits of social movement support might be magnified or stifled according to the firms' location, prior commitments, or history of associations with activists.Empirically, we focus on the European solar PV (photovoltaics) industry, which has been widely championed by the environmental social movement, -the most comprehensive and influential movement of our times‖ (Castells 1997: 67). To test our hypotheses, we built a longitudinal data set of solar PV cell producers operating in European countries from 1990 to 2011. We operationalize SMO prominence in reference to Greenpeace's presence in the PV industry's professional media and track all producers' production over time. Using growth models and accounting for co...

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Section: Social Movements Firms and Industry Creationmentioning

confidence: 99%

Differential Firm Commitment to Industries Supported by Social Movement Organizations

Durand

Georgallis

2018

Organization Science

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“…Moreover, community members characteristically share a common identity and a sense of belonging (von Hippel, ). In the context of addressing a grand challenge, such characteristics influence a community’s approach to a challenge (Berrone et al, ). As governance mechanisms, communities have also been shown to be particularly well suited to enabling cooperation among a diverse set of contributors, (West and O'Mahony, ), which can help facilitate the types of collaboration required for addressing a grand challenge (George et al, ).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Write Code, Save Lives: How a Community Uses Open Innovation to Address a Societal Challenge

et al. 2018

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This study explores how a community uses open innovation over time to tackle a global societal challenge. Relying on inductive analyses of qualitative and archival data, we conduct an in-depth case study of OpenMRS, an open-source software community providing affordable medical record-keeping software in developing nations. We develop a process model that describes how inbound, outbound, and coupled open innovation influenced the community through four discrete phases of community development. We explain how the founders' vision led to the creation of the community, and how increasing community participation and community governance facilitated its growth. Interestingly, we found that economic opportunities made possible by open innovation may paradoxically create challenges to community sustainability. Ultimately, this study expands our understanding of open innovation communities in different settings, and their role in addressing societal challenges.

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“…These entrepreneurial philanthropists are more likely to support corporate foundations and elite‐oriented organizations that preserve corporate legitimacy and upper‐class values rather than community‐oriented nonprofit organizations that seek to resolve social problems caused by extracting corporations (Marquis, Davis, and Glynn, ; Roth et al., ). Findings suggest that further exploration of recipients of contributions may help to understand this relationship as elites are more likely to contribute to elite philanthropy (Berrone et al., ), which can explain a positive relationship between income inequality and philanthropy.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

The Energy Boom: Boon or Bane for Local Philanthropy?

Hwang

Paarlberg

2019

Social Science Quarterly

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Objective This article explores the complex relationships between the energy boom, community economic and demographic conditions, and local philanthropy. This study aims to find direct effects of the energy boom and indirect effects of multiple mediators—community economic conditions, population change, racial diversity, and income inequality—on local philanthropy. Methods Drawing upon data from U.S. counties, a series of mediation analyses are tested by following Baron and Kenney's (1986, Journal of Personality and Social Psychology 51(6):1173) causal‐steps procedures. Results The energy boom always has negative direct effects on local philanthropy. Although indirect effects of mediators are not always significant, total effects, as the sum of direct and indirect effects, reveal that income, population growth, and racial diversity positively mediate negative effects of the energy boom on local philanthropy. The energy boom increases levels of income inequality; however, increased income inequality paradoxically is positively associated with local philanthropy. Conclusion The relationship among the energy boom, community economic and demographic conditions, and local philanthropy is complex. Although direct effects of the energy boom are negative, key findings of positive indirect effects suggest implications for policymakers, nonprofit practitioners, and community leaders when dealing with grand societal challenges caused by natural resource development at the community level.

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Understanding Community Dynamics in the Study of Grand Challenges: How Nonprofits, Institutional Actors, and the Community Fabric Interact to Influence Income Inequality

Cited by 115 publications

References 97 publications

Differential Firm Commitment to Industries Supported by Social Movement Organizations

Differential Firm Commitment to Industries Supported by Social Movement Organizations

Write Code, Save Lives: How a Community Uses Open Innovation to Address a Societal Challenge

The Energy Boom: Boon or Bane for Local Philanthropy?

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